Gunslinger: Battle Between Good and Evil :: essays research papers

The problem among great and fiendishness started some time before our time, and it’s been chronicled since man could compose. Stephen King, one of the dubious authors within recent memory, breathes life into his characters by giving them particular characteristics, individual and striking perspectives, and spots them in strange scrapes. The Gunslinger arrangement by Stephen King is a grouping of books that show the inside battle among great and insidiousness. His character are given obstructions, and perusers see how every one reacts to the difficulties introduced to them, standing by to perceive how far they will go to accomplish what they accept is more noteworthy's benefit. Lord sensibly passes on to his perusers that in spite of the fact that his characters set forth their earnest attempts to do what they feel is upstanding, their activities are not generally to their greatest advantage. The writer obviously shows perusers that no measure of good an individual cans keep th em from getting injured. In books one, two, and four King gets his characters through specific circumstances to make certain results. Ruler puts forth an attempt to show perusers how individuals show up at the right, or wrong decision, in various circumstances. This is, obviously, the great battle among great and insidiousness.      King presents Roland, the hero, in â€Å"Gunslinger†. Roland is significant in King’s try to present to his perusers how individuals settle on the decision among great and malevolence. In â€Å"Gunslinger†, Roland is given an alternative; he can either spare a boy’s life, or he can let the kid plunge to his demise and not go amiss from his arrangement. Roland cherishes the kid, Jake, and is conflicted between sparing him and seeking after his objective, the man dressed in dark. Roland chooses to forfeit his friend’s life so as to dog the man dressed in dark. Roland’s objective is to arrive at the Dark Tower, and he feels that he should make forfeits and renounce the wistful, so as to accomplish his objective. His definitive objective is the thing that he accepts is more noteworthy's benefit, and he will go to any length to arrive at it. Society has yielded of honesty to accomplish their complete reason, history is verification of this. Ruler basically uncovers this. Roland has love for the kid; be that as it may, in not sparing his life he spares more lives at long last. Sparing Jake’s life may be in Jake’s wellbeing, yet in doing so Roland will be influenced contrarily.

Using these historical documents does Congress solve problems Or, does Essay

Utilizing these recorded reports does Congress tackle issues Or, does it make more - Essay Example In spite of the fact that government workers added up to just 10% of the all out US representatives, the quantity of recipients continued developing with time. This helped the laborers in deed. Furthermore, because of the perception by the congress that short inaccessible voyagers paid more than significant distance explorers, the Interstate Act of 1887 was organized to fix the issue. As indicated by the congress these outlandish and uncalled for charges were viewed as protected infringement and that something must be done to illegalize segregation. Government officials, voyagers during low seasons, tireless bargainers, etc, were not dependent upon exclusion as in the past. Local Indians who crouched in America must be suited into the populace. Regardless of the reality the land given to them by the US government was bone-dry/semi parched and inefficient for cultivating, the Dawes Act of 1887 gave the Indians a feeling of having a place. A significant set back of this Act is that a few Indians would not like to grasp cultivating and the ones who did had no beginning assets like seeds, water system components. These issues were of little size contrasted and the first one of absence of land. Another outline of the job of the congress is the Boulder Canyon Project Act which was comprised to secure and build up the Colorado River Basin. A huge dam was developed to contain floods, produce hydroelectricity, for water system and to give water to residential employments. This venture had extraordinary financial effects on the individuals. The commitment of the congress to help the lives of Americans was the Social Security Act which profited resigned laborers, the jobless, and single mothered families. Additionally general wellbeing administrations, the matured and the handicapped legitimately profited by the plan. The rundown is interminable. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was set up. Creation of power, route, flood control, assembling of

11 Study Hacks You Should Know

11 Study Hacks You Should Know EP 53: 11 Study Hacks You Should Know EP 53: 11 Study Hacks You Should Know We are getting close to crunch time in the academic world. With exams and final papers looming we wanted to bring you some simple and effective study hacks that you can put into place right away. Join Cath Anne on Episode 53 for 11 Study Hacks You Should Know! Looking for study tips, help with essay writing, or advice on how to be a better student? Welcome to The Homework Help Show, a weekly show where we teach, assist, and offer valuable insights for student life. From study hacks to writing tips, discussions about student mental health to step-by-step guides on academic writing and how to write a resume, weve got you covered. Want your questions answered? Write them below or join the conversation on social media using the hashtag #askHHG TRANSCRIPT: Cath Anne: [00:00:00] Hi guys and welcome back to our channel. My name is Cath Anne and this is the Homework Help Show hosted by Homework Help Global here on the show. We provide you with valuable content for your academic and student life. Lets jump in. Cath Anne: [00:00:25] Lets face it guys. We are getting close to crunch time in the academic world and with all of the final papers and exams looming we wanted to provide you with some study Hacks that will be simple and effective and that you can implement into your study routine right away. Cath Anne: [00:00:49] Our first study hack is create your workspace. We have discussed this a lot on the show. Now when youre creating your workspace and you want to make sure that you are somewhere that is comfortable however you might want to avoid sitting in that big comfy chair or going to your bed just to study because you are way more likely to fall asleep or want to have a nap instead of writing that final test. Position yourself as far away from your bedroom as possible youre also going to want to think about a place that gives you a good vibe something that will motivate you to do work. You might want to change locations perhaps you could go to a cafe a common workspace or even the universitys common area. Think about a space where other people will also be doing work. When you look around and see other people working this is likely to motivate you because you will want to do work as well. Cath Anne: [00:01:48] Listen to music while you study. Now many of you might already do this however you want to listen to a certain type of music listening to classical or ambient music is best to help you to retain information. There is research to back up a study by Missy Baker at the Stanford School of Medicine indicates that listening to music engages the brain over time by listening to music. The brain is more likely to engage in anticipatory actions. It sharpens the brain and makes the brain more able to concentrate and anticipate what is coming up. This makes it a great option for study time. Cath Anne: [00:02:29] Have some caffeine. Studies show that caffeine contributes to concentration and focus. Try having a cup of coffee or tea while you are studying or before you study. If you find you are sensitive to caffeine and you cant drink as much coffee consider a drink like Macia. Macia still has a good amount of caffeine in it. However it also has an ingredient called altheinine. Altheinene can help with anxiety levels making it a great combination for energy and focus while also helping you to keep calm while youre studying. Cath Anne: [00:03:09] Take study breaks we have talked a lot on this show about the Pomodoro Technique. This technique advocates studying or reading in 25 minute chunks then taking a five minute break. Research suggests that studying in these small increments helps to increase focus and motivation, two keys to effective studying. Cath Anne: [00:03:37] Use mnemonics. Mnemonics are techniques that were developed by ancient Greek scholars and orders to help them to remember long passages and speeches. We can use mnemonics today think about. Different types of mnemonics you may have heard for example a rhyme. 30 days hath September April June and November. Most of us are familiar with this mnemonic. Mnemonic techniques work best for multiple choice tests where there is no writing process required or you dont have to have a strong understanding of phonetics. Or other in-depth skills. They can help you to remember information and regurgitate it on your test. Mnemonics help us to encode information into our long term memory and this can happen almost effortless with the use of mnemonics. Another very famous mnemonic is in fourteen hundred and ninety two Columbus sailed the ocean blue. Finally we have another funny mnemonic device my very excellent mother just served us nachos this helps us to remember the pattern o f the planets Mercury Venus. Earth. Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune. Cath Anne: [00:05:08] Read out loud. Have you ever read a passage of a book only to go back and realize you dont remember a word of what you read. This is because you were reading passively. Try reading out loud because this is an active process and it will help you to retain information over time as you are fully engaging with the material. Cath Anne: [00:05:33] Record your lessons. If your professor permits bring your phone to class and use your recorder to record your lesson this way you can listen to your lessons on your own time and review the information that occurred in class. The best time to review your lessons is at least 24 hours after the original class. This is a time that you will best be able to retain information. Cath Anne: [00:06:01] Smell essential oils. Now this is definitely going to sound like a funny one. However the sense of smell is a strong trigger for memory. So if you are diffusing it oil like lavender or peppermint while youre studying the same smell can help bring back memories of what you studied before your test. Mix an essential oil with the carrier oil and just put some on your wrist. Smell it throughout the test and that will help you bring back the memories of information that you studied while defusing that oil. Cath Anne: [00:06:39] Use the Corson Method. This is another thing we have talked about a lot on the show. When you are working through a problem and you encounter new information that is giving you some difficulty. Spend some time working through it. If you find you’re stuck on a problem spend at least 15 minutes working through it before going to your professor. In this way you can narrow down where specifically you are getting stuck which is going to help you to retain more information and it is also going to save you time and the professor time. Cath Anne: [00:07:16] One of the best things to do when you are studying is to teach a friend or classmate. When you do this it forces you to become more familiar with the material. In turn you will learn more and become more comfortable with the material which will prepare you for exam time. Cath Anne: [00:07:36] One of the best ways to prepare for an exam is to do an online quiz or an online exam. It is easy to find these exams on Google simply type into the Google search site:edu [blank] exam whatever kind of exam youre looking for. So for example type in site:edu sociology exam and you will come up with a list of various sociology exams that you can use to prepare for your real exam. [00:08:09] Okay so thats it for me this week guys. I hope these 11 study hacks have been super helpful. Let us know in the comments below if you found any of these hacks helpful and let us know if you do have any of your own hacks that you like to implement into your steady routine. If youre looking to connect with us on any of our social media platforms all of our information is linked and listed in the description box below if you like this video. Make sure to give it a thumbs up and subscribe to our channel so you dont miss out on any of our content. Thanks for joining me this week guys. Good luck on your exams and your final papers. All the best and take care. 11 Study Hacks You Should Know EP 53: 11 Study Hacks You Should Know EP 53: 11 Study Hacks You Should Know We are getting close to crunch time in the academic world. With exams and final papers looming we wanted to bring you some simple and effective study hacks that you can put into place right away. Join Cath Anne on Episode 53 for 11 Study Hacks You Should Know! Looking for study tips, help with essay writing, or advice on how to be a better student? Welcome to The Homework Help Show, a weekly show where we teach, assist, and offer valuable insights for student life. From study hacks to writing tips, discussions about student mental health to step-by-step guides on academic writing and how to write a resume, weve got you covered. Want your questions answered? Write them below or join the conversation on social media using the hashtag #askHHG TRANSCRIPT: Cath Anne: [00:00:00] Hi guys and welcome back to our channel. My name is Cath Anne and this is the Homework Help Show hosted by Homework Help Global here on the show. We provide you with valuable content for your academic and student life. Lets jump in. Cath Anne: [00:00:25] Lets face it guys. We are getting close to crunch time in the academic world and with all of the final papers and exams looming we wanted to provide you with some study Hacks that will be simple and effective and that you can implement into your study routine right away. Cath Anne: [00:00:49] Our first study hack is create your workspace. We have discussed this a lot on the show. Now when youre creating your workspace and you want to make sure that you are somewhere that is comfortable however you might want to avoid sitting in that big comfy chair or going to your bed just to study because you are way more likely to fall asleep or want to have a nap instead of writing that final test. Position yourself as far away from your bedroom as possible youre also going to want to think about a place that gives you a good vibe something that will motivate you to do work. You might want to change locations perhaps you could go to a cafe a common workspace or even the universitys common area. Think about a space where other people will also be doing work. When you look around and see other people working this is likely to motivate you because you will want to do work as well. Cath Anne: [00:01:48] Listen to music while you study. Now many of you might already do this however you want to listen to a certain type of music listening to classical or ambient music is best to help you to retain information. There is research to back up a study by Missy Baker at the Stanford School of Medicine indicates that listening to music engages the brain over time by listening to music. The brain is more likely to engage in anticipatory actions. It sharpens the brain and makes the brain more able to concentrate and anticipate what is coming up. This makes it a great option for study time. Cath Anne: [00:02:29] Have some caffeine. Studies show that caffeine contributes to concentration and focus. Try having a cup of coffee or tea while you are studying or before you study. If you find you are sensitive to caffeine and you cant drink as much coffee consider a drink like Macia. Macia still has a good amount of caffeine in it. However it also has an ingredient called altheinine. Altheinene can help with anxiety levels making it a great combination for energy and focus while also helping you to keep calm while youre studying. Cath Anne: [00:03:09] Take study breaks we have talked a lot on this show about the Pomodoro Technique. This technique advocates studying or reading in 25 minute chunks then taking a five minute break. Research suggests that studying in these small increments helps to increase focus and motivation, two keys to effective studying. Cath Anne: [00:03:37] Use mnemonics. Mnemonics are techniques that were developed by ancient Greek scholars and orders to help them to remember long passages and speeches. We can use mnemonics today think about. Different types of mnemonics you may have heard for example a rhyme. 30 days hath September April June and November. Most of us are familiar with this mnemonic. Mnemonic techniques work best for multiple choice tests where there is no writing process required or you dont have to have a strong understanding of phonetics. Or other in-depth skills. They can help you to remember information and regurgitate it on your test. Mnemonics help us to encode information into our long term memory and this can happen almost effortless with the use of mnemonics. Another very famous mnemonic is in fourteen hundred and ninety two Columbus sailed the ocean blue. Finally we have another funny mnemonic device my very excellent mother just served us nachos this helps us to remember the pattern o f the planets Mercury Venus. Earth. Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune. Cath Anne: [00:05:08] Read out loud. Have you ever read a passage of a book only to go back and realize you dont remember a word of what you read. This is because you were reading passively. Try reading out loud because this is an active process and it will help you to retain information over time as you are fully engaging with the material. Cath Anne: [00:05:33] Record your lessons. If your professor permits bring your phone to class and use your recorder to record your lesson this way you can listen to your lessons on your own time and review the information that occurred in class. The best time to review your lessons is at least 24 hours after the original class. This is a time that you will best be able to retain information. Cath Anne: [00:06:01] Smell essential oils. Now this is definitely going to sound like a funny one. However the sense of smell is a strong trigger for memory. So if you are diffusing it oil like lavender or peppermint while youre studying the same smell can help bring back memories of what you studied before your test. Mix an essential oil with the carrier oil and just put some on your wrist. Smell it throughout the test and that will help you bring back the memories of information that you studied while defusing that oil. Cath Anne: [00:06:39] Use the Corson Method. This is another thing we have talked about a lot on the show. When you are working through a problem and you encounter new information that is giving you some difficulty. Spend some time working through it. If you find you’re stuck on a problem spend at least 15 minutes working through it before going to your professor. In this way you can narrow down where specifically you are getting stuck which is going to help you to retain more information and it is also going to save you time and the professor time. Cath Anne: [00:07:16] One of the best things to do when you are studying is to teach a friend or classmate. When you do this it forces you to become more familiar with the material. In turn you will learn more and become more comfortable with the material which will prepare you for exam time. Cath Anne: [00:07:36] One of the best ways to prepare for an exam is to do an online quiz or an online exam. It is easy to find these exams on Google simply type into the Google search site:edu [blank] exam whatever kind of exam youre looking for. So for example type in site:edu sociology exam and you will come up with a list of various sociology exams that you can use to prepare for your real exam. [00:08:09] Okay so thats it for me this week guys. I hope these 11 study hacks have been super helpful. Let us know in the comments below if you found any of these hacks helpful and let us know if you do have any of your own hacks that you like to implement into your steady routine. If youre looking to connect with us on any of our social media platforms all of our information is linked and listed in the description box below if you like this video. Make sure to give it a thumbs up and subscribe to our channel so you dont miss out on any of our content. Thanks for joining me this week guys. Good luck on your exams and your final papers. All the best and take care.

Social Technology Use In Organizations - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1589 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? While one uses the social networking in an organization firstly the goal should be clear as to whether they are using the networking for the internal communication between employees of that organization? Or for communication with the external parties such as the customers or the competitors. And special care should be taken if it is being used for communication outside the organization and proper security conditions should be imposed as afterall it is done on the internet, and it remains on the internet. And also the organizations may be having much confidential data with them and can be of grief if that vital information gets leaked to outside world, specially the competitors. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Social Technology Use In Organizations" essay for you Create order And so the higher authorities should make sure and impose good and strict security policies so that the use of social networking become the loss rather than enhancing the performance and the profit of the organization. And also various other factors should be considered so as to maintain confidentiality within the organization and depending on the hierarchy or the role of that employee, the permissions should be assigned and proper firewall should be in practise. No security loopholes should be present and so the information confidentiality can be achieved. Let us take an example of Dell, India. I worked for Dell, India for couple of months and was amazed to see the networking that they used for communication between employees of that organization. Firstly the social networking sites which are proved as time-wasting were restricted by using a very strong firewall. And also the mail portals were blocked. But they used a special networking software for socializing themselves with the various colleagues who worked for Dell, dell being a global organization, and no matter from which country they work, they can still communicate with each other and share ideas and knowledge with their company mates and so the efficiency can be achieved as there is no chance of data leakage in any means, as the confidential information available in their systems cannot be sent to any unauthorized individual as the social networking sites and mail portals and the removable media were all blocked from using within the organization. Infact the same authorised De ll Technician cannot access to the confidential resources from outside the Dell organization being at home or in a cafes. So the confidentiality of the organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s crucial data is secured from unauthorized access. Literature Review : In recent months, the use of social networking has drastically increased and in the broader aspect has benefitted the organization and the employees in many many ways. Infact social networking in an organization is now being widely used for marketing purpose. One should define their audience, locate their potential customers, build a social relationship with them and promote their brand and website. (https://hubpages.com/hub/How-To-Use-Social-Networking-For-Business-Marketing-Profits). The key factor behind the success of social networking in the organization is to be yourself, be human, open up a little and show the customers as to who you are. Because if not taken care about the above factors, then the organizationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s profit will be at the stake. Social networking sites such as Facebook and MySpace have become the party lines of this young century. They are inviting and intriguing and a powerful communication tool. Learning how to use them wisely for marketing can i ncrease your business profile. (https://www.allbusiness.com/marketing-advertising/public-relations/11674037-1.html) . There are several pros of using social networking sites like Paved the way for easier communication with colleagues and friends Virtual communities can be formed composing of people of common interests In sooner days Twitter as a social networking site has made huge advances and the number of active users are increasing at a very fast pace. And in no time, Twitter has become the second most popular social networking site after Facebook. And very soonly it will lead the way and head to number one in social networking sites. Twitter has proved to be a boon I n marketing of the organization, and also there are various other factors which are in favour of Twitter. Twitter can be used in an organization in several ways, of which some are listed as of under. Develop a more personal, engaged and sustained relationships with customers Grow your customer base Get the attention of people interested in your organization or your work Publicise your business Build your brand Keep track on what people think about your business, products industry Cold-contact and market with people without annoying them. Provide amazing customer service in a really easy way. Promote your new products. Pin point customer locations to within a 20 mile radius Position yourself as an expert in your field by sharing news and information relevant to your business and by One of the most important advantage of twitter is that, usually 1+1=2, but in the case of twitter 1+1= countless possibilities. As the message once sent and replied by somebody keeps on multiplying and is reflected to all the people following him/her. So it proves to be a best example in terms of sharing of knowledge as it keeps on spreading at a very good speed. And also twitter helps in making the possibility to make a difference. But it is like every coin has two sides, and so along with many advantages, twitter is packed with many disadvantages/mis-conducts as well, such as These social networking sites if not used properly can lead to Goofing Privacy Infringement Scammers use Social networking trick people into downloading malicious software (Malware) Hacking Impersonation Cindy King, an international sales specialist, saw a huge boost in business inquires by implementing a strategic Twitter plan. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Following the right people on Twitter was key. There are some people very gifted at building relationships on Twitter. As I followed these online community builders, I realized that some of them are also excellent direct response copywriters. They get their Twitter followers to take action,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? said King. (Cindy King, file:///G:/Salford%20During%20d%20course/ITASIO/Twitter/How%20to%20Use%20Twitter%20to%20Grow%20Your%20Business%20_%20Copyblogger.htm) Twitter is a communication platform that helps businesses stay connected to their customers. As a business, you can use it to quickly share information with people interested in your company, gather real-time market intelligence and feedback, and build relationships with customers, partners and other people who cares about your company. As an individual user, one can use twitter to tell a company about the experience one had with that company, as to whether it was great or disappointing experience with their business. (https://www.webspininternetmarketing.com/our-services/social-media/twitter/ ,23-03-2011) Case Description : Twitter as a social networking site has various uses and in several different fields. One can use it for keeping in touch with friends and colleagues or even for the marketing of the organization, and infact now-a-days twitter has even proved useful in the university for academic purposes. Lets discuss more about the potential use of twitter in a university. Lets take an example of the University of Texas at Dallas, where a professor named Monica Rankin has found an interactive and interesting way to use twitter in the classroom. She uses a weekly hashtag to organize comments, questions feedbacks posted by students on twitter during the class. There is an very good tool named TweetDeck from where the students can send the questions rather than posting them via SMS or by writing questions on the small piece of paper. Then what can be done is project a giant image of live tweets in front of the whole classroom for discussing and giving suggestions that the students can lately refer ag ain while studying. The result of this method is mixed but still it is clear that more students do participate in the classroom discussion as compared to the traditional way of teaching. Also the problem with the traditional way of teaching is that if the professors doesnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t engage the students properly then they might end up talking and addressing to walls. And as we all are aware that the 21st centuryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s literacy is all about digital media. Also the professors can use twitter to notify students about the submission deadlines and the extra lecture extensions. Also twitter is very helpful for the teachers as well. As the professors can develop a personal learning network that will help them to become a good teacher and keep themselves updated with the latest technology and knowledge about the academic material by following the other senior tutors world-wide. Also one more effective way of using twitter in a university is that the students can tweet the questions and the doubts, and either other students or the professor can reply to those tweets. And one more additional benefit of twitter in a university is that the physical presence o f the professor or the students is not that important, so can make education possible despite being present in different state or the country. The only thing necessary is the internet connection and an account. If these two conditions are satisfied, then the education can take place whenever, wherever on the go. As internet can be accessed even from the homes and the mobile devices as well. So this proves to be very useful for the progress in education system. The added advantage of twitter is that the professors can communicate with the parents of the students who use twitter for discussing the excursion details or the home-work tasks and also to intimate the parents about the progress of their child.

The Impact Of Law On White Collar Criminals Essay

The use of theories in explaining the various phenomena in society has always found sufficient backing not only in history but also in contemporary global affairs. Notably, both positivists and constructivist theories play a role in depicting variants in societal behavior. There are many deviant acts that are considered criminal or non-criminal behavior. White- collar crimes are considered a form of deviant behavior. These crimes rank among the various forms of crime existing within the context of society. According to Fredericks, McComas and Weatherby (2016), white-collar crime encompasses the nonviolent criminal activities committed for monetary gain within the financial situations. Therefore, as part of the criminal realms, white-collar crimes have a likely reason and course leading to the occurrence in the business and commercial world. Functionalism views the society as comprising the different sections working in unison (Holmwood, 2005) while conflict theory envisions a society where the interest of people and groups have a power completion (Bystrova Gottschalk, 2015). This essay aims to illustrate the occurrence and the impact of law on white-collar criminals regarding the functionalist and conflict perspectives. In our modern world, there are different types of crime whose legal and societal explanation relies on the availability of sound information based on both facts. In the normal functioning of the community, each possesses essential skills and abilitiesShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Invincible Criminal1400 Words   |  6 Pages1996 report of the National Criminal Justice Commission estimated that the annual cost of white-collar crime is between $130 billion and $472 billion, seven to twenty-five times greater than the cost of conventional or street crime (Conklin, 2010, P. 71). White-collar crime in America is considered larceny committed by the wealthy, respected, and legitimate enterprise which is not set up or intended to go out of business like an ordinary fraud or con game. White-collar crime offenses may involve forgeryRead MoreWhite Collar Crime Theories, Laws, and Processes785 Words   |  3 PagesWhite Collar Crime Theories, Laws, and Processes Name Tutor Course Title Date Submitted White Collar Crime Theories, Laws, and Processes: The term white collar crime was first introduced by Edwin Sutherland, a criminologist and sociologist, in 1939. The criminologist defined the term as offenses committed by individuals of respectability and high social status while in their different occupations. He also included criminal offenses carried out by corporations and other lawful organizationsRead More The Tragedy of White-Collar Crime Essay examples932 Words   |  4 Pagesdownturn forced society to ask question not normally asked. The reality that there are criminal who has assessed too many people retirement and investment is a shocking and alarming to the non-professional investor. When someone is in a legitimate occupation and committing, an illegal act is a white-collar crime. â€Å"To be more concise white - collar crime is define as any illegal act, punishable by a criminal sanction, that is committed in the courses of a legitimate occupation or pursuit byRead MoreUnderstanding White Collar Crime1023 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstanding White Collar Crime Donald J. Joslyn Tri County Tech Understanding White Collar Crime In the United States, there are many different types of crimes that are committed. One type of crime that is considered non-violent would be white-collar crime. Under white collared crimes there are hundreds of different types of crimes that would fall under this category. Sociologist and criminologists have come up with many different theories to what white-collar crime is and what type of peopleRead MoreWhite Collar Street Crime Essay1198 Words   |  5 PagesWhite-Collar Crime or Street Crime: Which is More Costly to Society? What is crime? Merriam-Webster defines crime as â€Å"an act or the commission of an act that is forbidden or the omission of a duty that is commanded by a public law and that makes the offender liable to punishment by that law† (Merriam-Webster). There are many types of crime but the two this paper will focus on are street crime and white- collar crime. There is no definitive definition of street crime, but it is generallyRead MoreWhite Collar Crime Is A Serious Issue Essay1124 Words   |  5 PagesWhite collar crime is a serious issue in the United States. White-collar crime is â€Å"a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation† (cornell.edu). Examples of such offenses include bribery, credit card fraud, insurance fraud, bank fraud, blackmail, extortion, forgery, securities fraud, tax evasion, embezzlement, repair scams, Ponzi and pyramid schemes. These non-violent crimes are responsible for an esti mated $250 billion to $1 trillion inRead MoreWhite Collar Crimes And Street Crimes1431 Words   |  6 PagesThey are white collar crimes and street crimes. White collar crimes are considered nonviolent crimes committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his/her occupation such as fraud, embezzlement, or bribery. On the other hand, street crimes are any criminal offense in a public place which can be robbery or burglary. There are many barriers proving the acceptability of one over the other. Lack of awareness, lack of education, and social class make white-collar crimesRead MoreWhite-Collar Crime Essay1057 Words   |  5 Pagesfraud, this also known as a white-collar crime. These crimes involve a few different methods that take place within a business setting. While ethical business practices add money to the bottom line, unethical practices are ultimately leading to business failure and impacting the U.S. financially. The forms of bribery and embezzlement have been around longer than dirt. The earliest white-collar crime, that was documented, dates back to the 15th century in England. The law was forced upon society inRead MoreEssay on White-Collar Crime Vs. Street Crime1070 Words   |  5 Pagesis usually reported? The weather, local activities, headline news, or daily criminal activity. Shootings, stabbings, homicides, etc. are all discussed by media anchors these days. This causes most everyone in our society to become familiar with crimes that are considered street crimes. What most people don’t hear about on the news is what is considered white-collar crime, sometimes known as corporate crime. White-collar crime not only is less reported in the media but also receives weaker punishmentsRead MoreWhite Collar And Organized Crime Essay900 Words   |  4 PagesWhite Collar And Organized Crime In the twentieth century, White Collar and Organized Crimes have attracted the attention of the U.S. Criminal Justice System due to the greater cost to society than most normal street crime. Even with the new attention by the Criminal Justice System, both are still pretty unknown to the general public. Although we know it occurs, due to the lack of coverage and information, society does not realize the extent of these crimes or the impact. White Collar and Organized

BQ Case Study Free Essays

Contents Executive Summary3 1. TASK ONE4 1. 1 Introduction4 1. We will write a custom essay sample on BQ Case Study or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2 Possession and practice4 3. 3 BQ case5 3. TASK TWO8 3. 1 Introduction8 3. 2 Time distance9 3. 3 Technological distance10 3. 4 Social distance10 3. 5 Cultural distance11 4. Bibliography13 Executive Summary In a modernized and globalized world, knowledge creation and synergization of knowledge in an organization is truly crucial. As data and information are readily available, and information communication technology (ICT) has highly advanced, organizations such as BQ need to understand how knowledge creation can assist to improve internal and external processes and also encourage innovation. In task one, the aim is to differentiate between possession of knowledge and practice of knowledge and examine which epistemology BQ uses throughout their supply chain. BQ uses possession knowledge whereby it provides all their vendors with a code of conduct guidelines which they need to follow through. However, in the face of risk and uncertainty in an economic crisis, BQ should adopt practice of knowledge and enabling people to do differently and better. In task two, the statement by Stoneman (2010) means that trust and power are the main factors that drive product, process and organizational innovation. For BQ, due to their power as the distributor, they are able to develop and lay down the process and procedures that all their vendors need to adhere to. However, in an economic crisis, its regimental practice may ot work as uncertainty disrupts the flow of the procedures. 1. TASK ONE 1. 1 Introduction The studies on knowledge and its characteristics have long been explored and discussed in the business and supply chain world. With the emergent of technology and innovation, the possession and practice of knowledge has become more essential in this â€Å"knowledge society† (Nonaka, 1994; Bell, 1973; Drucker, 1968; Toffler, 1990). But what is knowledge and how does an organiz ation activate and generate knowledge? Knowledge is defined as â€Å"awareness, consciousness, or familiarity gained by experience or learning† (knowledge, n. d) which are the ways people in a social situations would understand and make sense of where they are and what they are doing. When knowledge is conducted and embraced in an organization, it will result to a group of people who develop shared beliefs, behaviours and routines that shape organization capabilities. Experts such as Polanyi (1966), Nonaka (1994) and Cook and Brown (1999) divide knowledge into two categories called tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge. Tacit knowledge is associated with the skills or know-how that people developed through their own experience in specific contexts. Whereas explicit knowledge is something that has been codified, written down or spelled out and is communicable across context. 1. 2 Possession and practice From the word possession itself, one can understand that it is about the knowledge that people have in their mind (Cook and Brown, 1999). Blackler (1995), and Cook and Brown (1999) refer possesion of knowledge as â€Å"knowledge† and practice of knowledge as â€Å"knowing†. Knowledge is a mental or cognitive capacity which is hierarchical in nature and comprises of data, information etc. moreover, possession of knowledge is a personal property where people render meaning from subjective experiences, perceptions and previous understanding. As human minds are individually unique, hence different people may perceive and intepret the same information or data differently. Meanwhile, practice of knowledge sees knowledge as something that it developed through social interaction such as project work, group assignment or group discussion. When people practice knowledge, they convert tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge, thus transferring knowledge from one person to another. This is done through sharing stories, experiences or creating norms to a group of people hence enabling the experience of an individual to be related to a wider community. 3. 3 BQ case BQ plc works with many vendors such as Kingfisher Asia (KAL) who supply products to BQ. Hence to manage their vendors and ensure processes and procedures are followed, BQ come up with code of conduct (BQ Operational Standards for Supply Chains) for all their vendors. The code of conduct is based on the international labour and envirnmental standards set by the International Labour Organisation (ILO) Conventions which factories and worksites of all vendors throughout the world need to comply to. In summary, vendors need to let BQ have full visibility of the enitre supply chain and fulfill and obey the code of conduct criteria at all facilities. Any failure to meet the nine Critical Failure Points (CFPs) will result in BQ not buying or purchasing their products. Through this code of conduct, we can deduce that BQ adopts a possession of knowledge rather than practice of knowledge. BQ receives knowledge about labour and environmental guidelines from ILO conventions and uses the basic context to write down or capture in an information technology (IT) system which is then made available as an organizational resource – BQ Operational Standards for Supply Chains. This is in contrast of having a group discussion with the vendors and seeking their opinions and views on how to create a better working environment for the workers (practice of knowledge). For example, Baer (1987) and Abbott (1988) explained that in order to defend their position, occupational groups such as doctors would write down or ‘black box’ their skills and knowledge which is then used by others as guidelines or instructions to follow. BQ is following the same concept as they wish to guard their position as a responsible organization or employer where the rights of all workers throughout the world are respected and protected. Thus, this results to an encoded knowledge (Blackler, 1995) for the vendors as information is transmited through the code of conduct. Unlike an individual or specialist ‘black box’, the construction of the code of conduct requires the involvement of a group of people. This method of knowledge creation follows Nonaka’s SECI framework where it is a spiralling process of interaction between tacit and explicit knowledge (Nonaka,1994; Nonaka Toyama, 2003). The SECI framework consists of four knowledge conversion processes; Socialization, Externalization, Combination and Internalization; which can be seen in Figure 1. The breakdown for BQ case is as follow: 1. Socialization – The ILO standards which was made known to the BQ management assist them to create their own knowledge or set of standards which vendors are to adhere. 2. Externalization – BQ management then decides to have their on set of guidelines in accordance to ILO standards and form a group to write down the code of conduct. 3. Combination – We believed that during the process of writing down the code of conduct, BQ managerial level will each provide inputs and opinions based on the organization’s mission and values on what and how to write down. Once drafted, the Head of Human Resource Department will read it through and request for any necessary adjustments. Once finalized, the Chairman or Head of BQ will give the approval to codified and disseminate the code of conduct to all the vendors. 4. Internalization – Vendors will then read the instructions and ensure all CFPs are met. For any areas which fail to comply, site management of the vendors will then follow the guidelines to make changes and improvements. Figure 1: SECI model of knowledge creation Source: Nonaka Toyama (2003) However, Nonaka SECI framework downplays the difference of interest, power and political dynamics which people and organizations face everyday. Thus, during an economic crisis, BQ may approach innovation differently due to the uncertainty and adversity faced in a crisis. According to Tsoukas (1996) and Schauer (1991), even though organizations can make assumptions and obtain knowledge from previous economic crisis where similar conditions are seen, the formulate strategy may not work perfectly according to what the organizations believed as there are still uncertainty. Meaning to say, a strategy used in a crisis five years ago may not generate the same result due to the difference in technology, people’s mindset and other relating conditions. BQ need to adopt practice of knowledge during a crisis as information may not be readily available since people and other organizations are wary and may not disclose essential information in order to survive the crisis. With competition between rival organizations getting tougher, BQ needs to learn, practice and embodied skills and knowledge which increases their chance of survival (Barnett Burgelman, 1996). As mentioned by Hitt et al (2007), a multilevel research approach to encourage employees to have better understanding of the strategy implemented by BQ management. Hence, BQ through providing an enabling context, BQ allow its employees to do things differently and better. For example, when selecting their vendors, BQ can not just rely on which vendor is able to adhere to its code of conduct. BQ also need to look into the pricing, capability and other characteristic of the particular vendor. BQ vendor management team need to have further dicussion with sales, procurement and operations team to gain their opinions and views on which vendors to select. With the current vendors, BQ need to adopt open communication and discuss with them on how the crisis is affecting their perfomance and compliance towards the code of conduct. Another example is due to the crisis, a vendor had to lay off several staff and workers due reducing their headcount. Hence in order to meet BQ rders, the vendor’s workers may need to work extra hours which is over the local law. Through discussion, BQ may allow the vendor to carry out the new process until the economy stablize and the vendor is able to employ more workers. 3. TASK TWO 3. 1 Introduction Stoneman (2010) mentioned that â€Å"product, process and organizational innovation are socially and politically mediated processes†. This means that through social relationship and even political standing in an organization; product, proc ess and organizational innovation are being conceptualized. Jackson (2001) noted that the real-world issues and situations do not match up to traditional disciplinary boundaries due to the inequality in the capitalist world. Therefore, trust and power play an essential role in the development of knowledge and innovation. Internally at BQ, their managers may see themselves as the authority towards process and organizational innovation. For example, a manager has the power to decide on how his department should be run in order to meet the department and organization goals. And through his relationship and interaction with the staffs, he may perceive a staff as capable if able to follow the process and excel in it. Hence, to gain trust and acknowledgement, employees compete and motivate each other to do better at what they do and also provide suggestions to the manager on improving certain situations or issues. As highlighted by Hardy and Dougherty (1997), depending on the organization’s culture and its board of management, resource power and process power can either work against or aligned with innovation. However, without meaning and a direction to support the need for innovation, people will notbe motivated to innovate. For example, the warehousing staffs at BQ may face difficulties in picking the correct product. Thus, with its power, the warehouse manager can arrange a group discussion with the warehousing team leaders and their IT department to create a new process whereby the product are bar-coded and connected to a system which will provide the product information when it is scanned. Externally, when working with their supply chain members such as customers and suppliers, BQ managers can use either its power or trust to ensure compliance are met by the suppliers and customers continue to purchase from BQ. For example, the board of management has the authority to continue or discontinue the services of a vendor depending on its compliance and performance. However, during an economic crisis where risk and uncertainty are faced, BQ managers may react to similar situation or innovation differently. BQ decisions on innovation, processes and products are affected by four types of distance – time, technological, social and cultural. 3. 2 Time distance Due to the changes in time, environment and conditions, certain processes or procedures that BQ managers created may not be applicable in an economic crisis. Moreover, the decisions BQ managers made in a previous crisis are also not applicable even though the conditions are similar because there is still uncertainty whether the outcome would be the same. The finance department will be more guarded on the expenses and budget thus setting a more thorough process of other departments to ensure waste are minimized and costs are low. In a study done by Hardy and Dougherty (1997), innovators or managers in an anti-innovation environment would solve their problems through methods and ways which hamper innovation whereas in a pro-innovation environment, innovators are able to incorporate the organization’s resources, processes and meaning to develop an more suitable and effective product. Thus, in relation to the crisis, BQ managers may tackle a deparment issue by pushing away the problematic function and work its way around it. 3. 3 Technological distance As ICT becomes highly advanced, BQ need to be selective of the information and tacit knowledge that is available widely. This is because not all tacit knowledge is applicable to BQ’s strategy and that an overflow of information will result to overloading and poor decision making. Through market and technology knowledge, innovators are able to examine problems, communicate and collaboratively develop new products for the organization (Dougherty et al, 2000). However, in an economic crisis, technology knowledge that is necessary for innovation may not be readily available or cost effective to the organization. Faced with uncertainty, BQ board of management may decide to take on a survival mode concept and develop process such as budget control to restrict unnecessary cost and waste. Thus, if an innovator in BQ requires a certain technology to assist in its development of new product, he need to go through many levels of strict procedures in order to attain approval. 3. 4 Social distance During an economic crisis, organizations face many problems and situations as they try their hardest to survive and go through the crisis without a major disruption or impact. Due to the uncertainty and risk, managers need to respond quickly and effectively. Even in a crisis, Jackson (2006) noted that managers need to ensure their processes are efficient and effective, staffs are motivated and knowledge is created and enhanced. This is to ensure that the organization is constantly better than their rivals thus surviving the crisis. While ICT and innovation should still move on in a crisis; being a regimental organization; BQ managers follow routine and have the power to make innovation unlawful through rewarding short-term results, punishing mistakes and even not rendering the support needed for innovation (Hardy Dougherty, 1997). Not only does this kills innovation in BQ, the staff would also be less motivate to innovate as they unable to relate a specific project with BQ’s strategy (Van de Ven and Polley, 1992; Hardy and Dougherty, 1997; Dougherty Heller, 1994). Hence, BQ board of management need to re-evaluate its organization strategy and procedures if it wishes to maintain in the industry. Jackson (2006) suggest organizations to adopt creative holism which is a set of guidelines that are multi-paradigm, multi-methodology and multi-method in nature. Through holism, organizatons look at the situation at a macro and organizational level, thus assuring that the departments are connected and performing together as a whole. Dougherty et al (2000) explained that since organizational knowledge and learning involves many different processes, a focal point or objevtive is essential to ensure one is taking the right path. Pelz and Andrews (1966) recognized that the efforts to combine and link market and technology knowledge across and throughout the organization is often met and filled with tensions. Thus, BQ need to incorporate these two factor and be less rigid if it wishes to produce and gain new ideas, products and processes (Weick and Westley, 1996). 3. 5 Cultural distance Kingfisher plc, the parent company of BQ, is a United Kingdom (UK) based retailer that offers do-it-yourself (DIY), home decorations and home improvement products to their 6 million customers (Kingfisher, 2012). To meet their international market and demand, Kingfisher plc has overseas sourcing offices in India and Poland that act as a supplier to BQ. To ensure these strategies and structure is maintain in other country, Kingfisher plc has to train its overseas employees, make them understand and cultivate the Kingfisher plc working culture. However, this will be a tough challenge for example, in India due to the poor education and different socio-culture. Thus, Kingfisher plc needs to accommodate its Western working culture with India working culture, but without losing its main mission and strategy. To ensure this is executed properly, Kingfisher plc needs to obtain a specialist in the Indian market and culture. An economic crisis affects countries differently, depending on where the crisis originates. However, due to globalization, a crisis in the European Union (EU) nations will have a ripple effect, thus affecting neighbouring countries and countries that depend on the EU economy and market. Likewise, if an economic crisis hits India where one of BQ suppliers is located at, BQ need to gather information and data from news reports and the India supplier’s representative, and analyse the data before making a decision on how to overcome the crisis and what BQ should do to ensure that the crisis in India do not disrupt the entire supply chain. To ensure accurate and timely information and knowledge is recevied, Swan and Scarbrough (2005) suggest organizations to adopt a networked innovation process where the innovation procedures is collaborated in the network arrangements within and between organizations (Alter Hage, 1993; Owen-Smith Powell, 2004; Powell et al, 1996). BQ needs to view networks as a means of communication where knowledge and information are disseminated (Swan Scarbrough, 2005) and thus, adopting a open sharing concept where individuals and groups are allow to interact and exchange knowledge and information. 4. Bibliography Abbott, A. 1988). The system of professions: An essay on the division of expert labour. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Alter, C. , Hage, J. (1993). Organizations working together. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Baer, W. (1987). Expertise and professional standards. Work and Occupations, 13, 532-522. Barnett, W. P. , Burgelman, R. A. (1996). Evolutionary Perspectives on Strategy. Str ategic management journal, 17, 5-19. Bell, D. (1973). The Coming of Post-industrial Society: A Venture Social Forecasting. New York: Basic Books. Blackler, F. (1995). Knowledge, knowledge work and organizations: An overview and interpretation. Organization studies, 16(6), 1021-1046. Cook, S. D. , Brown, J. S. (1999). Bridging Epistemologies: The Generative Dance Between Organizational Knowledge and Organizational Knowing. Organization Science, 10(4), 381-400. Dougherty, D. , Heller, T. (1994). The illegitimacy of successful new products in large firms. Organization Science, 5, 200-218. Dougherty, D. , Borrelli, L. , Munir, K. , O’Sullivan, A. (2000). Systems of organizational sensemaking for sustained product innovation. Journal of engineering and technology management, 17, 321-355. Drucker, P. (1968). The Age of Discontinuity: Guidelines to Our Changing Society. New York: Harper Row. Hardy, C. , Dougherty, D. (1997). Powering Product Innovation. European Management ]ournal, 15(1), 16-27. Hitt, M. A. , Beamish, P. W. , Jackson, S. E. , Mathieu, J. E. (2007). Building Theoretical and Empirical Bridges Across Levels: Multilevel Research in Management. Academy of Management Journal, 50(6), 1385-1399. Jackson, M. C. (2001). Critical systems thinking and practice. European Journal of Operational Research, 128, 233-244. Jackson, M. C. (2006). Creative Holism: A Critical Systems Approach to Complex Problem Situations. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 23, 647-657. Kingfisher. (2012). About us. Retrieved from Kingfisher plc web site: http://www. kingfisher. com/index. asp? pageid=176 knowledge. (n. d). Collins English Dictionary – Complete Unabridged 10th Edition. Harper Collins Publishers. Retrieved November 25, 2012, from Dictionary. com: http://dictionary. reference. com/browse/knowledge Nonaka, I. (1994, February). A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation. Organization Science, 5(1), 14-37. Nonaka, I. , Toyama, R. (2003). The knowledge-creating theory revisited: knowledge creation as a synthesizing process. Knowledge Management Research Practice, 1, 2-10. Owen-Smith, J. , Powell, W. W. (2004). Knowledge networks as channels and conduits: The effects of spillovers in the Boston biotechnology community. Organization Science, 15(1), 5-22. Pelz, D. , Andrews, F. (1966). Scientists in Organizations. New York: Wiley. plc, K. (2012). About us. Retrieved from Kingfisher plc web site: http://www. kingfisher. com/index. asp? pageid=176 Polanyi, M. (1966). The Tacit Dimension. London: Routledge Kegan Paul. Powell, W. , Koput, K. , Smith-Doerr, L. (1996). Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation: Networks of learning in biotechnology. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41, 116-145. Schauer, F. (1991). Playing by the rules. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Swan, J. , Scarbrough, H. (2005). The politics of networked innovation. Human Relations, 58(7), 913–943. Toffler, A. (1990). Powershift: Knowledge, Wealth and Violence at the Edge of 2lst Century. New York: Bantam Books. Tsoukas, H. (1996). The firm as a distributed knowledge system: A constructionist approach. Strategic management journal, 17, 11-25. Van de Ven, A. , Polley, D. (1992). Learning while innovating. Organization Science, 3, 92-116. Weick, K. , How to cite BQ Case Study, Free Case study samples

Multinational Strategies, Structures, and Learning of Pearl River Piano

Executive summary The case study is of Pearl River Piano, a company, based in China. The company is seeking to enter into US market. The move is steered by the desire or the company’s CEO to improve quality of the company’s product and secure a Global market. The company’s CEO, Mr. Tong is convinced that the company’s big goal is achievable only if the company secures US market.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Multinational Strategies, Structures, and Learning of Pearl River Piano specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since the US market is mature and piano brands in it are of high quality, the company senses the possibility of failing to achieving its major goal. The company made some efforts to enter the market to no avail. There exist various alternatives for foreign market entry. Among them are strategic alliance, assembling, joint venture, licensing and contract manufacturing. It is re commended for the company to use strategic alliance to make the entry. The experts say that considering the company’s financial position and US market perception of products from China, strategic alliance is the best way. Background Pearl Rivers Piano Group (PRPG) was established in 1956, in the southern city of Guangzhou. It emerged from a state owned enterprise with less than 100 employees. During that time, the company recorded low yearly production units of 13 pianos. The company’s production process involved the use of manual skills (Anne Lau, 2002). Later on, the annual production units grew but were still below 1000 pieces annually. The company was located in a strategic place next to a river. It borrowed the name of the river for naming its product. The name of the river was Pearl and from there emerged the company’s name â€Å"Pearl River Piano† (Peng, 2011). In the early 1980s after the Chinese had began the total economic reform process, Pearl River Piano was granted autonomy to import and export. It became the first piano builder in China to import foreign technologies and expatriate experts. In 1996, after merging with few musical instrument companies, Pearl River Piano Group Corporation was formed (Corallo, 2007). Problem statement Pearl River Piano made a great progress in dominating the China market with its products. With Tong as CEO, the progress was not enough. He made relentless efforts to diversify the company’s market. He was particularly interested in the US market.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Tong was encouraged by the level of success the company had attained. However, he was not contented with situation and thought about something bigger. With his undying zeal for success, he was motivated to expand the company’s target market. He proposed for an entrance into the US market. This strategy would have made his dream of building a brand name for the company’s product, a reality. Entrance in the US market would position the company’s product on a Global market spot and built a desired customer perception (Anne Lau, 2002). Analysis of the problem Pearl River Piano started from a humble background as a state owned Enterprise with less than 100 employees and a capacity to build only 13 pianos annually. The development stages of the company are characterized by uniqueness in terms of resources and skills (Neely Pearl, 2009). Its unique location in its country of origin is a resource that cannot be duplicated by any other company. A skilled and innovative CEO, a Mr. Tong, heads the company. With his innovative ideas and experience, he settled for importation of foreign technology and expertise to execute the company’s plans (Corallo, 2007).  The company managed to grow very fast in a short span due to availability of resources such as informa tion and skilled employees. The company had access to updated information about strategies used by his competitors and therefore, managed to formulate counter-strategies for sustainable competition. Mr. Tong made a great input in the company’s success history. He introduced a number of key pillar strategies that guided the company’s performance toward growth and success (International directory of company histories, 1988). The pillars focused on innovation and quality. The innovation strategy ensured the availability of necessary technology, through importation of expertise, to produce high standard and quality products. Innovation also ensured of variety production to meet customer needs by offering a range of products to choose from, for example they developed eight families of pianos. The second pillar was for quality enhancement. The company, through this pillar introduced a total quality management process by ensuring that there manufacturing processes were certif ied (Peng, 2011).  The music industry was another advantageous platform for fast growth. The level of competition was fair. The company successfully conquered a larger portion of the market thus; its market share was stable.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Multinational Strategies, Structures, and Learning of Pearl River Piano specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Mr. Tong’s relationship with employees was motivational. Employees’ time and efforts were focused on achieving the company’s goals (Yoshihara, 2007). Mr. Tong’s rational target-market selection strategy boosted the company’s performance. The company targeted medium and lower-end customers as opposed to its competitor’s upper-end customers. The promotional activities formulated by Mr. Tong, were influential because they directly spoke to the customers (Peng, 2011). Mr. Tong was so inclined to attempt exploiting the international market. He was interested in the US market. He had information about the US market situation. The market was mature and stiffly competitive. The maturity of the US market was a limiting factor to there entry because, they were still new and changing consumer loyalty in a mature market like US would take a lot of resources time and quality. Another limiting factor to their entry was the perception that US consumers held on China products (Peng, 2011). They perceived products from China as cheap and of inferior quality. Customers who seek for quality would not bend their rights for cheap and low quality products. Therefore, Pearl River Piano still does not stand a chance of succeeding in the US market. Labor costs in the US market were so high and manual labor force was rare as opposed to the situation in China (Peng, 2009).In spite of all these limiting factors to the company’s effort to enter into the US market, Mr. Tong’s ambition to make Pearl River Pi ano a world- class piano producing company was not swayed. In his bid to expand the company’s market coverage and build a global market for the company’s products, he made futile attempts to enter the US market through traditional direct export and partnerships (Peng, 2011). Pearl River Piano is a local company. The Company still relies heavily on its local structure. A local structure is suitable for local operations. Tong needs to understand that US market is an international platform. International trading cannot be successful without an international structure and strategies. Structures and strategies have two-way relationship. That is strategies drive structures and structures drive strategies. Therefore, it is important for the company to consider formulating international structures and strategies, in order to, successfully penetrate into the US market (Peng, 2011). Alternatives and criteria selection A part from the foreign market entry methods tried by the com pany, below are some alternative methods. The company can access which method is best based on there advantages and disadvantages and how effective and efficient they are.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Contract manufacturing: in this method, a local producer will produce the company’s product in the US. The method is formalized by a contract between the local producer and the company. The contract only covers manufacturing thus; marketing activities will be handled by a sales subsidiary of the company (Nickel, 2000). This method obviates the need to invest in a plant, cost of transportation and custom tariff. The company entirely controls the marketing activities. It also enables the company to avoid labor and other problems that may arise from unfamiliarity with the local economy and culture. The company will only lose profit on production activities, particularly if labor costs are lower in the foreign market. There is also a risk of transferring technological skills to potential competitor (Lüthje, Schumm Sproll, 2002). Licensing: the company can also enter the US market through licensing. The method involves a contract between a local producer and the company. The local producer will be licensed with the patents, trademarks and copyrights by international licensing firm. The local producer will produce the company’s product using the licensed skills, market the pianos in the market assigned to him and pay the company royalties based on the sales volume of the product (Tielmann, 2010). The method is beneficial because it is involved with low initial investment costs, it enables the company avoid trade barriers and it is easier to respond to customer needs. Major drawbacks of the method include lack of control on the local producer (licensee); it presents difficulties in transferring of tacit knowledge and has potential for creating a competitor (Root, 1998). Joint venture: in this method, Pearl piano will form a partnership with a local producer. The local producer owns equity share and possess management voice. The partnership results onto creation of a third firm with a different name. This partnership is for a short period as agreed between the parties. This method gives the local producer a better control over the operations (Gilligan Hird, 1986). It is beneficial because it permits the avoidance of and control problems that other entry strategies present. It leads to creation of synergy, allows sharing of resources and improves contact with local suppliers and government officials. It present the following disadvantages, it could results into lack of trust between Pearl Piano and the local producer and conflicts over matters such as strategies, resource allocation, transfer pricing ,ownership of critical assets like technology and brand names (Lymbersky, 2008). Assembly: in this method, Pearl Company will domestically produce all the components or parts of its product and ship them into US to be put together into finished product (Bach, 2007). The company will be saving a lot of money on transport costs and custom tariffs, which are generally lower on unassembled equipment than on finished products. It also uses the local employment, which facilitates the integration of the firm into the foreign market (John Allen, 1998). Strategic alliance: is the process where two or more companies unite to pursue a common goal, while in some way remaining independence. The companies join resources and pursue a goal. In this strategy, the companies must be of different financial strengths (Benjamin, 2006). It helps in the reduction of tax related costs and eliminates culture related issues (Blythe Zimmerman, 2005). Recommendation After a complete analysis of various foreign market entry strategies, it is advisable for Pearl River Piano Company to use strategic alliance to penetrate into the US market. Strategic alliance is an alliance between companies of unequal strength (Neelankavil Rai, 2009). In the US market, Pearl River Piano is considered as one of the weak companies. If pearl unite with one of the strong companies based in the United States to pursue a common goal, while at the same time r emaining independent, the company could succeed in making an entry into the US market. Action plan The company should set up a team of experts to conduct a market research in the US. A detailed report should be prepared on the following areas: annual piano sales levels for existing companies, available market segments, tastes and preferences of the customers, factors that affect taste and preferences, top performing companies in the US market and the strategies they use. With all these details, the management board of Pearl River Piano should target a particular section of the market since it is impractical to focus on the entire market. For example, the company should decide whether it would produce Pianos for church choir use. The company should thereafter, formulate international trading strategies and formulate a company structure that has provisions for handling international business issues. The management should look for an established foreign company that is will agree to th e strategic alliance idea. The companies should thereafter, converge on a drawing table to agree on how they will handle the strategic alliance. After all that is done, the alliance is good to kick off. References Anne, S. T., Lau, C.M. (2002). The management of enterprises in the People’s Republic of China. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group. Bach, B. (2007). International marketing entry strategy for the Red//Green Company: The market attractiveness determination strategic implications. München: GRIN Verlag GmbH. Benjamin, L. K. J. (2006). Market entry strategies of foreign Telecom companies in India. Wiesbaden: Dt. Univ.-Verl. Blythe, J., Zimmerman, A. S. (2005). Business-to-business marketing management: A global perspective. London: Thomson Learning. Corallo, A. (2007). The digital business ecosystem. Cheltenham u.a.: Elgar. Gilligan, C., Hird, M. (1986). International marketing: Strategy and management. London: Croom Helm. International directory of com pany histories. (1988). Chicago, Ill: St. James Press. John, R., Allen, M. (1998). Global business strategy. London [u.a.: Thomson. Lüthje, B., Schumm, W., Sproll, M. (2002). Contract manufacturing: Transnational Production and Industries are in the IT-Branch. Frankfurt/Main [u.a.: Campus-Verl. Lymbersky, C. (2008). Market entry strategies: Text, cases and readings in market entry management. Hamburg: Management Laboratory Press. Neelankavil, J. P., Rai, A. (2009). Basics of international business. Armonk, N.Y: M.E. Sharpe. Neely, B., Pearl, D. (2009). Piano for dummies. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley. Nickel, R. (2000). Contract manufacturing – foreign market entry via contract manufacturing – conceptualization and implementation in industrial goods markets: Diploma thesis. Norderstedt: GRIN. Peng, M. W. (2009). Global strategy. Mason, Ohio: South-Western/Cengage Learning. Peng, M. W. (2011). Global business. Mason, OH: South Western Cengage Learning. Root, F. R. (1998). Entry strategies for international markets. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Tielmann, V. (2010). Market Entry Strategies: International Marketing Management. München: GRIN Verlag GmbH. Yoshihara, M. (2007). Musicians from a different shore: Asians and Asian Americans in classical music. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Appendices Table: Research budget Items Units Cost/Unit ($) Total ($) Air plane tickets 10 tickets 700 7000 Hotel expense 50 days 50 2500 Transportation 50 days 100 5000 Report compilation – 10,000 10,000 Total – – 24500 This essay on Multinational Strategies, Structures, and Learning of Pearl River Piano was written and submitted by user Bobby B. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

In Support of Human Cloning essays

In Support of Human Cloning essays Human cloning is inevitable. As part of the progress of science, human cloning will take place regardless of who opposes it. In this paper I will explain what human cloning is, some of the ethical and moral objections to it, some medical benefits it could serve, what many different religions think of cloning humans, and ultimately why I feel that this would be beneficial to our society. In order to understand the objections and the potential of human cloning, one must know exactly it is and how it is done. In order to clone a living being (animal or human), scientists begin with an egg (ovum) of an adult female. Women generally produce only one each month but can be chemically stimulated to produce more. Researchers remove the DNA-containing nucleus from the egg. Cells from the subject to be cloned are obtained by various methods including a scraping the inside of the cheek, and the DNA-containing nucleus is removed from one of these. Next the adult-cell nucleus is inserted into the egg with a sophisticated nuclear transfer, and the egg is stimulated (electrically or chemically) to trick it into dividing just like an embryo. When the embryo reaches the appropriate stage, you implant it into the uterus of the woman who will give birth to it. After gestation, the clone is born in the normal way (Eibert, par. 2-5). The child that is born as a result of cloning would be nearly genetically identical (the egg holds some mitochondrial DNA that may potentially alter the new DNA slightly) to the subject cloned. The clone should look similar to the adult it was cloned from, but thats where the similarities would end. The clone would have a completely different set of life experiences. It would be raised by different parents, grow up in a different era and different location, and have different circumstances happen to it along the way. It wouldnt be the same person it was cloned from; it would be its own unique individua...

United States Presidential Pay and Compensation

United States Presidential Pay and Compensation Effective Jan. 1, 2001, the annual salary of the President of the United States was increased to $400,000 per year, including a $50,000 expense allowance, a  $100,000 nontaxable travel account, and a  $19,000 entertainment account.  The presidents salary is set by Congress, and under Article II, Section 1 of the United States Constitution, may not be increased or reduced during his or her current term of office. Chief Executive Salary The increase was approved as part of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act (Public Law 106-58), passed in the closing days of the 106th Congress. Sec. 644. (a) Increase in Annual Compensation.Section 102 of title 3, United States Code, is amended by striking $200,000 and inserting $400,000. (b) Effective Date.The amendment made by this section shall take effect at noon on January 20, 2001. Since initially being set at $25,000 in 1789, the president’s base salary has been increased on five occasions as follows: $50,000 on March 3, 1873$75,000 on March 4, 1909$100,000 on January 19, 1949$200,000 on January 20, 1969$400,000 on January 20, 2001 In his First Inaugural Address on April 30, 1789, President George Washington stated that he would not to accept any salary or other remuneration for serving as president.  To accepting his $25,000 salary, Washington stated, â€Å"I must decline as inapplicable to myself any share in the personal emoluments which may be indispensably included in a permanent provision for the executive department, and must accordingly pray that the pecuniary estimates for the station in which I am placed may during my continuance in it be limited to such actual expenditures as the public good may be thought to require.† In addition to a basic salary and expense accounts, the president also gets some other benefits. A Full-Time Dedicated Medical Team Since the American Revolution, the official physician to the president, as director of the White House Medical Unit created in 1945, has provided what the White House calls worldwide emergency action response and comprehensive medical care to the president, the vice president, and their families. Operating from an on-site clinic, the White House Medical Unit also attends to the medical needs of the White House staff and visitors. The official physician to the president  oversees a staff of three to five military physicians, nurses, medical assistants, and medics. The official physician and some members of his or her staff remain available to the president at all times, in the White House or during presidential trips. Presidential Retirement and Maintenance Under the Former Presidents Act, each former president is paid a lifetime, taxable pension that is equal to the annual rate of basic pay for the head of an executive federal department- $201,700  in 2015- the same annual salary paid to secretaries of the Cabinet agencies. In May 2015, Rep. Jason Chaffetz (R-Utah), introduced the Presidential Allowance Modernization Act, a bill that would have limited the lifetime pension paid to former presidents at $200,000 and removed the current link between presidential pensions and the salary paid to Cabinet secretaries. In addition, Sen. Chaffetz’s bill would have reduced the presidential pension by $1 for every dollar over $400,000 per year earned by former presidents from all sources. For example, under Chaffetz’s bill, former President Bill Clinton, who made almost $10 million from speaking fees and book royalties in 2014, would get no government pension or allowance at all. The bill was passed by the House on Jan. 11, 2016, and passed in the Senate on June 21, 2016. However, On July 22, 2016, President Obama vetoed the Presidential Allowance Modernization Act, telling Congress the bill â€Å"would impose onerous and unreasonable burdens on the offices of former presidents.† Help With Transition to Private Life Each former president and vice president may also take advantage of funds allocated by Congress to help facilitate their transition to private life. These funds are used to provide suitable office space, staff compensation, communications services, and printing and postage associated with the transition. As an example, Congress authorized a total of $1.5 million for the transition expenses of outgoing President George H.W. Bush and Vice President Dan Quayle. The Secret Service provides lifetime protection for former presidents who entered office before Jan. 1, 1997, and for their spouses. Surviving spouses of former presidents receive protection until remarriage. Legislation enacted in 1984 allows former Presidents or their dependents to decline Secret Service protection. Former Presidents and their spouses, widows, and minor children are entitled to treatment in military hospitals. Health care costs are billed to the individual at a rate established by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). Former Presidents and their dependents may also enroll in private health plans at their own expense.

Applied English and Communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Applied English and Communications - Essay Example In addition, if one checks manuals of gadgets or equipment even if it is not made in the United States of America, it is evident that there is always an instruction part of the manual written always in English for the fact, that manufacturers are aware that this language is generally used by many individuals all throughout the world, it is also a better marketing strategy for products to be accessible for the majority of the public. English though may not be originally rooted in the ancestors of the people living in the United States of America; it has been broadly used by Americans since majority of the American population can remember. Baron termed English as the most powerful language on earth (440). It is fitting to make it the official language of the United States of America for as what Baron had stressed that English forms the glue that keeps Americans together (440). However, many still reject the idea of making English the official language of the United States for a variety of reasons; hence, others want to ban English entirely like what Baron (440-442) suggested in his work. First, Baron believes that a common language can often be the usual cause of conflict and argument (441). He cited examples like what happened in Ireland and Northern Ireland, North and South Korea, the Union and the Confederacy where civil wars and conflicts are present. Baron further adds that banning English would avoid this type of partition in America at present (441). Contrary to this argument, I believe that misunderstanding can happen whether or not people use a common language or not, the popular conflicts in history involve persons of different cultures and beliefs; hence, people who use different languages and it is a fact that miscommunication is often the root of confusion. How can one stop disagreement and encourage conversation and peace when people just cannot merely understand each other? Second, Baron emphasized that if English was banned, the United States of A merica would not have to worry what kind of English, i.e. the English of England or America, the English of New York or Chicago, the English of Ross Perot or William Buckley, will be its official language (441). This however was contradicted in a way by Lewis in his work that what should be utilized as the official language of the United States of America is the Standard English (436). English should also be forbidden for the fact that no one barely reads it or even spell it, according to Baron, even English instructors have come to rely on computer spell checkers. He further adds that it is not a pure language anymore since most of its words were a product of the combination of different languages like French, Latin, Italian, Arabic, Sanskrit, Latin, Celtic, Yiddish, Chinese and Scandinavian. Moreover, English is becoming a world language. It is starting to be on everybody’s tongue and then one day people will just wake up that it is no longer existing just like what happene d to the universal languages in world history such as Latin, Greek and Indo-European and to prevent this kind of future disappointment, it would be better to simply ban English (Baron 442). I think that the said languages failed to continue its existence on every human being’s tongue for many different factors, such as probably another language was proven more effective; the real cause however, will still be unknown. In the end, Baron however, indirectly showed that English is irreplaceable and his statements

Design a summer camp Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Design a summer camp - Research Paper Example Following are the activities mentioned for every age group based upon the stages of psychological development. As during this stage children are developing a sense of trust so it is the responsibility of the caregivers especially the mother to treat the infant with loving and warmth feeling and build the sense of trust in the child (About.com, 2010). Lack of reliability and care would lead to mistrust and a feeling of worthlessness. As a huge emphasis is given upon visual contact and touch so the best activity for a 18 month infant would be â€Å"Stacking toys and playing with the infant with that toys.† As the caregiver would be playing along with the child this would help to creative a feeling of affection and would built trust between you and the child (Harder, 2009). During this period of time the child is at the beginning of learning stage as he or she starts going to school and it is the time when the child enters the real world on his own. The child is confronted to begin taking actions and has to carry them out. The child starts copying the adults during this stage. They make up stories and starts exploring the word â€Å"WHY.† (Harder, 2009) Therefore it is important for the parents and family to praise their activities and actions which would build a confidence in them. In contrast the child who fails to complete their tasks and is not motivated too leads them to a feeling of guilt in them which lowers their self esteem (Navid, 2009). The best activity for this stage should be â€Å"Kitchen Play† in which the kitchen utensils and a small built in kitchenette would be provided to the children and they would play in groups and they would cook and serve the imaginative food to you and it’s the adult’s responsibilit y to appreciate and praise them so in this activity the children would know the importance of team work and they would have a sense of purpose (About.com, 2010). It is the stage when the child is in preschool and is involved

The Effect of Full House on My Life Essay -- Sitcom Television Compare

The Effect of Full House on My Life When I look back at my childhood, I see it as a highly colored, exaggerated version of what it must have been. Everything seems brighter, and bigger than reality allows. It’s the ideal â€Å"child’s world,† full of Barbies, dress-up, and playgrounds. But, if I try hard enough, I can remember the feeling of being there. The feeling of being small, and nearly innocent. Most of the time when I think of my childhood, I look back on two specific years, kindergarten and first grade, and the summers before and after the two. Both of these took place in Schaumburg, Illinois, in a two-bedroom town-home that I still call â€Å"my old house† even though it’s not that anymore. I’m not sure if these are the years I simply remember the best, or if that was actually the time I felt most like a child. I had many friends, and we had plenty of time to play games and use our imaginations. Nevertheless, I don’t usually reminisce about the shows and movies that I used to watch, and certainly not how these things affected me growing up. When prompted, however, I can remember specifics. I even begin to see how visual texts, like The Little Mermaid and Full House, have influenced me throughout my life and especially in my childhood. I have felt the impact of these things in my life as recently as this year, and I can see not only how the shows I watched influenced my behavior, but also that I chose to watch shows and movies that I thought were representative of me. The show I remember watching most is definitely Full House. I mean, I thought I was D.J. Tanner. I had exact replicas of some of her outfits (like the blue, polka-dot blouse and pants set), and I was constantly asking to have my hair blown out just like hers.... ...less impossible. Full House, The Little Mermaid, and Under the Tuscan Sun all held examples, and lessons that I have often applied to my own life. Whether I was looking up to straight-laced D.J. Tanner, or the mischievous mermaid named Ariel, these visual texts have been an important influence on my life. All were things to aspire, and look forward to. The things I watched on TV. and in movies as a child definitely helped to shape my personality and views on life. Equally important are more recent movies and experiences that I can relate to my childhood favorites. Whether I’m looking back to my past in Schaumburg, or remembering moments as recent as last summer, by analyzing what it is I like about specific visual texts, I can learn a lot about myself. They are all representative of the kind of person I am, and the kind of person that I have always wanted to be. The Effect of Full House on My Life Essay -- Sitcom Television Compare The Effect of Full House on My Life When I look back at my childhood, I see it as a highly colored, exaggerated version of what it must have been. Everything seems brighter, and bigger than reality allows. It’s the ideal â€Å"child’s world,† full of Barbies, dress-up, and playgrounds. But, if I try hard enough, I can remember the feeling of being there. The feeling of being small, and nearly innocent. Most of the time when I think of my childhood, I look back on two specific years, kindergarten and first grade, and the summers before and after the two. Both of these took place in Schaumburg, Illinois, in a two-bedroom town-home that I still call â€Å"my old house† even though it’s not that anymore. I’m not sure if these are the years I simply remember the best, or if that was actually the time I felt most like a child. I had many friends, and we had plenty of time to play games and use our imaginations. Nevertheless, I don’t usually reminisce about the shows and movies that I used to watch, and certainly not how these things affected me growing up. When prompted, however, I can remember specifics. I even begin to see how visual texts, like The Little Mermaid and Full House, have influenced me throughout my life and especially in my childhood. I have felt the impact of these things in my life as recently as this year, and I can see not only how the shows I watched influenced my behavior, but also that I chose to watch shows and movies that I thought were representative of me. The show I remember watching most is definitely Full House. I mean, I thought I was D.J. Tanner. I had exact replicas of some of her outfits (like the blue, polka-dot blouse and pants set), and I was constantly asking to have my hair blown out just like hers.... ...less impossible. Full House, The Little Mermaid, and Under the Tuscan Sun all held examples, and lessons that I have often applied to my own life. Whether I was looking up to straight-laced D.J. Tanner, or the mischievous mermaid named Ariel, these visual texts have been an important influence on my life. All were things to aspire, and look forward to. The things I watched on TV. and in movies as a child definitely helped to shape my personality and views on life. Equally important are more recent movies and experiences that I can relate to my childhood favorites. Whether I’m looking back to my past in Schaumburg, or remembering moments as recent as last summer, by analyzing what it is I like about specific visual texts, I can learn a lot about myself. They are all representative of the kind of person I am, and the kind of person that I have always wanted to be.

The Express Transportation And Logistics Industry Commerce Essay

Using illustrations from FedEx Corporation and your ain research on the Global Transportation and Logistics Industry, critically evaluate the: Strategic Vision and airy Leadership behind FedEx Corporation Federal Express is a planetary express transit and logistics company that offers clients a individual beginning for planetary transportation, logistics, and supply concatenation solutions. It was founded in 1973 by Frederick W. Smith. Since its origin FedEx pioneered the express bringing industry. The company focused on the nucleus concern of express bringing and provided nightlong bringing services to the clients globally. However, the transmutation of concerns and clients from old economic system to the new economic system forced FedEx to shift itself from ‘overnight bringing service ‘ to a ‘one-stop-shop ‘ for the full logistics demand of the concern. The company became the logistics service supplier of taking organisations, like, General Motors.Background:During the late sixtiess, Frederick Smith ( Smith ) chanced upon an thought to get down an air hose messenger company. During this period, it was common pattern to direct bundles as lading on commercial b earers like American, United or Delta Airlines. This pattern had a figure of drawbacks because rider air hoses normally operated during the daylight and were grounded at dark. In add-on, cargo forwarders ( the company responsible for transporting the bundles from the airdrome to the finish reference ) normally did non offer place bringing. Smith felt the demand to get down an air hose messenger company that would turn to all these jobs. During his college old ages, he recognized that the United States was going a service-oriented economic system and needed a dependable, nightlong bringing service company designed to entirely transport bundles and paperss. He wrote a Yale term paper on this thought, and received ‘C ‘ class. His professor thought it would ne'er work. Fortunately for Frederick Smith, he did n't take it to bosom and ended up edifice that company he dreamed of.Smith found investors willing to lend $ 40 million, used $ 8 million in household money, and receive d bank funding. He started Federal Express with over $ 80 million, doing it the largest company of its clip of all time funded by venture capital. In the last 36 old ages, FedEx has expanded horizontally with its five subordinates to include FedEx Express ( once Federal Express ) , FedEx Ground ( once Roadway Package System ) , FedEx Custom Critical ( once Roberts Express ) , FedEx Logistics ( once Caliber Logistics ) , and Viking Freight. As a consequence, the FedEx household has been able to vie jointly in the express transit and logistics industries. FedEx ‘s scheme is to confirm on merchandising and synergisms for all FedEx companies, but run operations individually and maintain each company ‘s strengths and markets separate. Today, services offered by FedEx include worldwide express bringing, land small-parcel bringing, less-than-truckload cargo bringing, and planetary logistics, supply concatenation direction, and electronic commercialism solutions. Federal Express is the universe ‘s largest bundle bringing company today. FedEx began its ‘ operations with the exclusive focal point of bettering client cleavage, pricing and quality of services for the nightlong bringing market in the United States. Since so, it has grown to supply taking papers and cargo services for the full North America and for over 212 states abroad. Federal Express Corporation had the airy leading to go the first mover in the express transit and logistics industry go forthing FedEx with one beginning of distinction: their ability to assist in the control of the full supply concatenation direction. FedEx Firsts†¦ Company dedicated to nightlong bundle bringing Offer next-day bringing by 10h30 Offer Saturday bringings Offer a clip unequivocal service for cargo Money-back warrants and free cogent evidence of public presentation services that now extend to its worldwide web The company ‘s ability to utilize engineering and make its ain supply of resources has made it hard for rivals to fit the company ‘s criterions for service.FedEx has been successful chiefly because of their technological promotions. Technology has allowed them to hold superior client service and quality that was unparalleled by any company. No company was able to offer nightlong bringing of bundles with the velocity and preciseness that Federal Express did. FedEx ‘s mold capableness gave them a competitory advantage as they implemented new methods and engineering. They presently have a SuperHub with several regional hubs and bundles are managed and tracked by a system called COSMOS. COSMOS – Customers, Operations and Services Master Online System, a centralized computing machine system to pull off people, bundles, vehicles and conditions scenarios in existent clip. This system allowed clients to cognize where their bundles are at all times and was subsequently integrated for web usage, leting clients to track bundles over the Internet. In add-on, the customized bringing service of the company is alone in the market. Mission Statement The Mission Statement of FedEx is â€Å" to bring forth superior fiscal returns for shareholders, by supplying high value-added logistics, transit and related information services through focussed operating companies. Customer demands will be met in the highest quality mode appropriate to each market section served. FedEx will endeavor to develop reciprocally honoring relationships with its employees, spouses and providers. Safety will be the first consideration in all operations. Corporate activities will be conducted to the highest ethical and professional criterions † . This mission statement shows that FedEx has a clear focal point. ( 1 ) The chief focal point is to convey returns to shareholders. ( 2 ) They will stress adding value above and beyond merely their service of transporting an object from one topographic point to another. ( 3 ) Their focal point of operations will be logistics, transit, and related information. This mission statement is focused plenty to maintain FedEx from diversifying into for illustration, nutrient merchandises ; yet obscure plenty to let growing in all of those countries. A Doctrine Federal Express holds a People-Service-Profit doctrine. The ‘People ‘ end is the uninterrupted betterment of direction ‘s leading. The ‘Service ‘ criterion is 100 per centum client satisfaction. The ‘Profit ‘ end is much like any other company ‘s end, and is indispensable to long-run viability. This doctrine governs how FedEx runs its concern, and defines schemes. Federal Express Five-Point Strategy Federal Express has five schemes that govern concern tactics. These are to better service degrees, lower unit costs, set up international leading and sustain profitableness, acquire closer to the client, and keep the People-Service-Profit Philosophy. The alone FedEx runing scheme works seamlessly – and at the same time – on three degrees. Compete collectivelyA by standing as one trade name worldwide and talking with one voice. Operate independentlyA by concentrating on our independent webs to run into distinguishable client demands. Manage collaborativelyA by working together to prolong loyal relationships with our work force, clients and investors. Valuess Peoples: We value our people and promote diverseness in our workplace and in our thought. Service: Our perfectly, positively spirit puts our clients at the bosom of everything we do. Invention: We invent and inspire the services and engineerings that improve the manner we work and live. Integrity: We manage our operations, fundss and services with honestness, efficiency and dependability. Duty: We champion safe and healthy environments for the communities in which we live and work. Loyalty: We earn the regard and assurance of our FedEx people, clients and investors every twenty-four hours, in everything we do Transportation system and logistics substructure within FedEx Corporation FedEx started its operation by directing eight bundles on the first dark, of which 7 were test tally addresses from one employee to another. The company has since grown to managing an amazing 9.8 million cargos per twenty-four hours. An overview of FedEx ‘s Infrastructure: Managing 9.8 million cargos per twenty-four hours More than 700 aero planes, Daily lift capacity of 12 million kgs Servicing more than 220 states through 375 airdromes Work force of more than 140,000 lasting employees worldwide 500,000 calls are dealt with professionally With this Infrastructure and new 1s being added over clip, the Purple Promise of â€Å" I will do every FedEx experience outstanding † is achieved with the aggregation and bringing of each cargo. Physical goods when transported over trucks on a main road normally travel the most frequented paths. But as more vehicles start tracking that main road, and as the trips become longer, bundles get delayed, travel astray, arrive spoiled, or do n't get at all. To work out this job, faster, more attentive bearers with their ain hardware and substructure came into being: FedEx, UPS, Airborne Express, and so on. These new bearers pay attending to rush, tracking, charge, quality of service and mechanization. They besides devised systems that did n't go through the center of town, except for concluding bringing, and did n't alter custodies en path. And eventually, they offered tonss of optional services to do life easier for both shipper and receiver.Home bringing substructure:As portion of Infrastructure enlargement programs of its U.S. bringing web, FedEx Corp. will add another 9 distribution hubs, conveying its entire figure of hubs to 39. In add-on, a new home-delivery installation pla nned for Florida will be able to treat more than 10,000 bundles per hr. The three hubs that are under building are in Dallas, Cincinnati and Hagerstown, MD, the 4th hub in Memphis, TN. The hub enlargement undertaking will besides spread out the 30 bing hubs ; this will about duplicate the company ‘s mean day-to-day hub bundle volume capacity by the terminal of its 2010 financial twelvemonth. The enlargement undertaking will back up a crisp growing in FedEx ‘s cargos to consumers on behalf of on-line retail merchants. The new Florida orbiter distribution centre, in Pompano Beach near Fort Lauderdale, will be three times the size of the two bing installations combined, and will open with a work force of about 356 employees and independent contractors, an addition from the current combined figure of 200 employees and independent contractors. FedEx Smart Post ‘s best-of-breed engineering ensures fleet bundle processing and bringing. This engineering provides shipment visibleness throughout the bringing procedure of the bundles while they are en path to their finishs. This enables to cognize ever where the bundles are and where they ‘re traveling following. Advanced control systems, sophisticated automated sorters, and state-of-the-art data-collection devices enable FedEx to roll up elaborate information about every bundle. And the extremely adept logistics squad is to the full equipped to screen 100s of 1000s of bundles each twenty-four hours. The client tools are housed on a secure Web site, customized to run into the alone demands of each client. These tools provide seasonably entree to box bringing information, logistics analysis, manifest item, and charge statements, every bit good as the ability to make necessary studies needed in be aftering the bundle bringing scheme. As a leader in the bundle bringing industry, FedEx provides with informations and coverage needed to analyze and heighten logistics operations on an on-going footing. Virtual information substructure at FedEx Corporation. Though FedEx began as an express air bringing company in the early 1970s, it has successfully transformed itself into an integrated transit and logistics service supplier. A major portion of FedEx ‘s success is straight attributed to its committed usage of information engineering ( IT ) . IT has non merely facilitated its concern procedures like operations, client service and employee preparation but besides integrated its information web with that of its clients to supply them with seamless logistic and supply concatenation solutions. Dennis Jones, former Chief Information Officer ( CIO ) of FedEx says – â€Å" IT ( information engineering ) is a map that has a strategic value because the kernel of our concern is taking a basic service and adding information engineering services to transform into a value added merchandise. And that is really of import. Any company can travel freight from point A to point B. But the manner you make it a valuable merchandise to your client is to wrap it with intensive information engineering capablenesss † .Leveraging Information TechnologyIn the late seventiess, FedEx saw a great benefit in utilizing IT to simplify its concern procedures. Smith had really early on understood that velocity, dependability and client service was an indispensable factor for success in the planetary transit industry.IT in Human ResourcesFedEx had in topographic point Interactive Video Instructions ( IVI ) that allowed employees to take advantage of slack periods to develop themselves at any clip of the twenty-four hours. The plan was used for preparation and trial r eadying ( Customer service employees at FedEx were tested twice a twelvemonth on occupation cognition ) .IT in Customer ServiceFedEx besides used IT to better upon its client service, by supervising assorted facets of a client ‘s dealing. The end was to accomplish â€Å" 100 % truth, quality, and client satisfaction † on all minutess. One such system that FedEx used was the Service Quality index ( SQI ) that quantified every portion of a dealing like â€Å" Was the bundle undamaged? Was the client billed right? †Using the InternetThe widespread usage of the Internet from the early 1990s threw unfastened important chances for FedEx. Since the company already had an EDI based system on which it had spent a batch of money, FedEx decided to utilize a combination of Internet and the EDI. One illustration was the execution done for the buying of merchandises. FedEx purchased a merchandise from a company called Ariba. Ariba was a requisitioning system that was housed on the FedEx intranet. The system was set up so that providers could keep a database of catalogs that could be accessed by any FedEx employee. The company website hosts more than 6.3 million alone visitants per month and grips on an norm over 2.4 million bundle tracking petitions daily. More than 2 million clients connected with the company electronically every twenty-four hours, and electronic minutess accounted for about two-thirds of the more than five million cargos FedEx delivered daily. FedEx operates one of the universe ‘s largest computing machine and telecommunications networks- more than 75,000-networked computing machines and 1000s of handheld computing machines that recorded and tracked cargos. FedEx ‘s informations centre processes more than 20 million information direction system minutess daily, more than any other US company. The company is involved in linking 39 hubs across the Earth, runing 677 planes and 90,000 vehicles, supervising 200,000 employees and presenting six million bundles daily in 220 states where every second was of import. This is the ‘FEDEX EDGE ‘ , for which the company is known for. FedEx transformed both client and concern transit theoretical account with higher velocity, dependability, application of information engineering, improved stuff managing system and streamlined logistics web. The company popularized the constructs of ‘just-in-time ‘ and ‘build-to-order ‘ which reduced client ‘s lead clip and increased productiveness. Apart from embarking into ‘logistics solution supplier ‘ the company was able to keep its leading place in little bundle and light cargo market through its alone ‘hub and spoke ‘ theoretical account. The function information engineering has played in FedEx ‘s scheme is exciting. By utilizing IT as a major portion of its concern, FedEx has reached an about wholly new group of people. It has maintained its repute and increased its concern at the same clip. IT has created a greater chance for clients in the planetary market. They can now bespeak service, wage for that service, and track the bundle online. Customers no longer necessitate to talk to FedEx. They are now free to order as they need, 24 hours per twenty-four hours, seven yearss per hebdomad. Because of this, FedEx ‘s scheme has changed. It is now focused on the usage of the Internet and other technological progresss. Because this is such a critical facet of the scheme, the execution of the scheme had to be about immediate. To vie with other major concerns in the industry, FedEx had to supply a service to clients that could be accessed utilizing engineering. They besides had to supply a bundle tracking service. As they developed this service, their repute and concern grew. FedEx has done several things with its value concatenation to develop new concern. First they have ever recognized the demand to hold engineering and IT work to pass on the logistics that they run. They have developed cyberspace engineerings that work merely and expeditiously to enable clients and Sellerss to utilize FedEx as a spell between. This has enabled many companies to incorporate FedEx engineering into their ain web sites for clients to utilize.Question Two: – Stigmatization and concern construction up until 19 January 2000Using information from the instance survey and your ain research, critically evaluate the benefits and restrictions of Merger and Acquisition ( M & A ; A ) strategies in the Global Transportation and Logistics Industry. Discuss how FedEx Corporation managed the acquisition of Caliber Systems in 1998, and find whether or non the acquisition of Caliber Systems was a success or failure?Mergers & A ; acquisitions in the Transportation & A ; Logisticss industryThe Transport and Logistics ( T & A ; L ) sector is characterized by a important degree of denationalization, finance-raising and amalgamation and acquisition activity. Minutess are frequently complex and impacted by the regulative environment, competition issues, or demand for contracted subsidies to back up operations. We have witnessed many denationalizations of coach companies, ports and airdromes which have created successful private sector groups that have continued to turn via farther acquisitions. In other sections there is ongoing planetary consolidation within and between operators from the messenger, package, cargo forwarding and contract logistics arenas. Postal organisations and railroad companies that have historically been more nationally oriented are now seeking chances to spread out into cross-border markets driven by a more commercial focal point and broad regulative government.Transportation & A ; LogisticssThe Transportation & A ; Logistics ( T & A ; L ) industry forms the anchor of planetary supply ironss. Postal operators every bit good as big logistics suppliers play a dominant function as cardinal stakeholders in the T & A ; L industry. In recent old ages some former national Posts have undergone an extended transmutation to emerge as transnational suppliers of complex logisti cs and fiscal services. These evolved entities face new competition in their nucleus markets of mail bringing through the liberalisation of markets and denationalization. At the same clip, former Posts may be able to leverage their old ages of experience in roll uping, processing, transporting and presenting national and international mail in order to develop and supply a broader pallet of logistics based services, upstream with direct mail activities and downstream with bundle bringing and payment services. Further, many bing logistics and express companies have expanded good beyond simple bringing services and are now pull offing all facets of the supply concatenation. These ongoing tendencies have changed the face of an industry which has become progressively focussed on functioning clients in all parts of the universe. Amalgamations and Acquisitions: Three types Amalgamation: A dealing where two houses agree to incorporate their operations on a comparatively coequal footing because they have resources and capablenesss that together may make a stronger competitory advantage. Acquisition: A dealing where one house buys another house with the purpose of more efficaciously utilizing a nucleus competency by doing the acquired house a subordinate within its portfolio of concerns. Coup d'etat: An acquisition where the mark house did non beg the command of the geting house.Problems inAchieving SuccessIntegration Difficulties/Cultures Inadequate rating of mark Excessively much variegation Large or extraordinary debt Inability to achieve synergism Directors excessively focused on acquisitions Too big Increased market power Overcome ent entry barriers Lower hazard compared to developing new merchandises Cost of new merchandise development Increased velocity to market Increased variegation Avoid inordinate competitionAcquisitionsReasons forAcquisitionsBenefits of AcquisitionsIncreased Market Power: Acquisition intended to cut down the competitory balance of the industry Overcome Barriers to Entries: Acquisitions overcome dearly-won barriers to entry which may do â€Å" start-ups † economically unattractive Lower Cost and Risk of New Product Development: Buying established concerns reduces hazard of start-up ventures Increased Speed to Market: Closely related to Barriers to Entry, allows market entry in a more timely manner Diversification: Quick manner to travel into concerns when house presently lacks experience and deepness in industry Reshaping Competitive Scope: Firms may utilize acquisitions to curtail its dependance on a individual or a few merchandises or marketsProblems with AcquisitionsMerely a â€Å" fiscal squad † assembled and they make â€Å" the determination † ( should hold two squads: one fiscal and one organisational – where the organisational Team says â€Å" Yes † or â€Å" No † Integration Troubles: Differing fiscal and control systems can do integrating of houses hard Inadequate Evaluation of Target: â€Å" Winners Curse † command causes acquirer to overpay for house Large or Extraordinary Debt: Costly debt can make burdensome load on hard currency escapes Inability to Achieve Synergy: Justifying acquisitions can increase estimation of expected benefits Excessively Diversified: Acquirer does n't hold expertness required to pull off unrelated concerns Directors Excessively Focused on Acquisitions: Directors may neglect to objectively measure the value of results achieved through the house ‘s acquisition scheme Excessively Large: Large bureaucratism reduces invention and flexibleness FedEx Corporation has made 31 acquisitions while taking bets in 3 companies. FedEx Corporation has 22 divestitures during this period. FedEx-Caliber Amalgamation: Reason for Merger: FedEx and Caliber believe that the combination of the two companies will allow their clients to take advantage of a broader portfolio of services and picks at a degree of excellence unmatched by any rival. Stockholders of both companies will go shareholders of a $ 15 billion human dynamo in planetary transit and logistics. When FedEx announced in October 1997 that it was purchasing Caliber System for $ 2.4 billion, perceivers warned that the amalgamation could interrupt FedEx ‘s already profitable express transportation concern. Perceivers were incorrect. FedEx finalized its Caliber System amalgamation in January 1998, and by the terminal of that twelvemonth, the new company, FDX, was posting a seven per centum addition over the same one-fourth the twelvemonth earlier. Domestic income grew 30 per centum that period, from $ 168 million to $ 217 million. The company claimed that its tough cost controls and low fuel monetary values contributed to this short-run growing. FedEx subordinates that came from Caliber Systems besides grew. RPS, the largest subordinate besides FedEx, grew 14 per centum for the period, while Viking Freight grew seven per centum. In the long-run, the amalgamation strengthened FedEx ‘s overall wellness. UPS mostly rebounded from a stultifying 15-day work stoppage in 1997, and now the two companies compete head-to-head for the express-shipping concern in most markets. While FedEx does conflict, several smaller companies continue their dependable service for niche markets, such as logistics operations, business-to-business transit, overseas transportation, and little bundle bringing. FedEx has ensured its long-run endurance by purchasing several of these smaller companies. After the Caliber System amalgamation, FedEx included six runing divisions: FedEx ; RPS, the second-largest small-package transportation concern ; Roberts Express, the universe ‘s largest express hauling house ; Viking Freight, a prima regional hauling company ; Caliber Logistics, a logistics outsourcing house ; and Caliber Technology, an order fulfilment operation.Question Three: – Events taking up to the January 2000 reorg anizationUsing appropriate illustrations from FedEx Corporation, critically evaluate FedEx ‘s fiscal and non-financial public presentation in the context of developments in the â€Å" Internet market and e-tailing † up to the January 2000 reorganization.Fiscal Performance AnalysisFedEx has an impressive public presentation record. In 1998 they had grosss of $ 15.9 billion adult 15 per centum from 1997. Gross saless have been turning steadily for the past five old ages. The net income, though, is n't that impressive. It even declined in 1997, from the lifting fuel costs during that twelvemonth. However, in 1998 it grew from $ 200,000 to $ 500,000. That could be from decrease in operating costs, or from the acquisition of the subordinates which had lower operating costs compared to Federal Express. FedEx ‘s fiscal statements shows that its assets have non been utilized every bit good as other houses in their industry, but their profitableness is better than other industry houses. Still they must diminish merchandising and administrative disbursals while increasing gross revenues. Many of their technological promotions have been financed chiefly with internal hard currency, which decreases long-run debt. Future assets perchance and should be invested in the international market and new concerns, while still puting a nice per centum for technological promotions. Today FedEx has a competitory advantage over other houses and if they continue the patterns that they have in the past, while besides opening up to new thoughts, FedEx will stay a human dynamo in the bundle bringing industry. The fiscal ratios for FedEx clearly show that it is the market leader in this industry, have outstanding gross revenues, a healthy net income, and a safe sum of debt. These ratios over clip demo a steady addition, except for twelvemonth 1997, where fuel costs hurt FedEx deeply.Company AnalysisIn this subdivision we shall discourse FedEx ‘s strengths and failings as a company, chances and menaces. S.W.O.T. Analysis Company Strengths and Resource Capabilities: Globalism: Federal Express operates on a planetary graduated table in 211 states. They provide services that appeal to most of the universe, realize enormous grosss and besides achieve planetary economic systems of graduated table. Invention: Federal Express took aeroplanes and trucks and used them otherwise than any other company before them. This is invention. They have first-mover advantage in name acknowledgment because of this invention. This has helped them to stay the industry leader since 1973. Technology and Communication: Federal Express utilizations and continues to seek for new engineering. They allow passing of $ 1billion a twelvemonth, 10 % of entire grosss, for information engineering. That commitment keeps clients from exchanging to other suppliers. Federal Express besides has first-class communicating with their clients. They use tracking devices on all cargos, and clients can happen out where their cargo is through many different avenues including a user-friendly Web site. Federal Express clients are assured that FedEx will ever be on top of engineering. Strategic Vision: Federal Express ‘ will ever hold competent top directors in charge of strategic way. Frederick Smith built an industry leader, and kept it in that place since 1973. First-Mover Advantage: Federal Express has had first-mover advantage in several countries. ( 1 ) Bing a planetary express transit company. ( 2 ) Advanced engineering and communicating throughout the company ‘s operations. ( 3 ) Integrating smaller companies with similar operations under its belt to synergize and command more of the market. Strong Brand Image: In 1990, Federal Express became the first company awarded the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award in the service class. In 1994, Federal Express became the first planetary express transit company to obtain coincident system-wide ISO 9001 enfranchisement in international quality criterions. Federal Express has besides developed their ain quality system that matches their client ‘s criterions. Company Weaknesses and Resource Lacks: Rising Monetary values: Federal Express ‘ monetary values are above their rivals ‘ . This can be a failing if their clients do non comprehend a difference between Federal Express and its rivals ‘ services. Labor Disputes with Pilots: Federal Express pilots have formed the Fedex Pilots Association. This organisation demanded alterations in the pilots ‘ wages, retirement benefits, and the fact that Federal Express outsources some foreign flights alternatively of giving their ain pilots the occupation. The pilots have a Web site where intelligence is posted and feelings are discussed. During the busy Christmas season in 1998, the pilots threatened to strike. Federal Express and the Fedex Pilots Association have developed a probationary understanding, which is published on the pilots ‘ Web site. However, the pilots do non believe this understanding to the full meets their outlooks. This difference is decidedly an internal failing for Federal Express, sing they have 3,500 pilots employed with them. Their operations would endure if there were work stoppages. When UPS employees went on work stoppage in 1997, Federal Express took the excess 800,000 cargos a twenty-four hours. If Fe deral Express employees went on work stoppage, their rivals could derive an advantage. Runing Subordinates Individually: FDX has intentionally chosen to maintain their companies separate. In FDX ‘s 1998 Annual Report, CEO Frederick Smith provinces, â€Å" Simply layering the alone resource and operating demands of a time-definite, planetary, express-delivery web onto a day-definite, land small-package web would certainly ensue in lessened service quality and increased costs. Under the FDX umbrella, we will leverage our shared strengths while runing each bringing web independently, with each focused on its several markets. † Frederick Smith is confident this will be a strength, alternatively of a failing. Time will state. Company Opportunities: Expansion Globally: Federal Express can go on to spread out globally, including the other companies under FedEX. Expansion Internally: Federal Express can go on to get more companies, and spread out into new engineerings or countries in their industry. Run Subsidiaries Together: If FDX does n't gain from running the subordinates individually, they can alter to incorporating their operations to accomplish better synergisms and economic systems of graduated table. Contracts with Large Corporations: To remain the industry leader, Federal Express should organize contracts with companies who will add cost-saving or value-adding benefits to their services. Joint-Ventures: Federal Express can organize joint ventures, such as already with Netscape and American Express, to bask the growing of incorporating their client bases. Expansion of e-commerce: Federal Express already has a major presence of transporting online. They should maintain happening Internet companies to contract bringing of their merchandises. Since the growing of e-commerce is rapid now, Federal Express could bask both net incomes and trade name name acknowledgment from this sort of enlargement. Company Threats: Y2k Problem: If Federal Express ‘ communicating and tracking systems are n't really Year 2000 ready, they will see lost cargos, lost clients, and lost net incomes. This is a menace for every concern, but a planetary company will be affected on a larger graduated table. Community Responsibility in the U.S. : Federal Express might be capable to community disapproval in enlargement within the United States. Right now, Federal Express has programs to construct a 2nd super-hub in Greensboro, NC. The airdrome is supportive, but the citizens of the community are non. Federal Express has to make up one's mind whether the community support or constructing the centre is more of import. Relationss with Foreign States: Through Federal Express ‘ enlargements globally, they are capable to Torahs and ordinances of all foreign states. There could be major jobs in this country, stunting growing and elevation costs. Already, Great Britain will non allow Federal Express fly their ain planes for cargos. Federal Express must either lade their lading on to British planes, or usage land transit. This is really inefficient for Federal Express ; nevertheless, it keeps competition out for British Air Transportation companies. Everywhere Federal Express goes, they are at hazard for ordinances that hinder their operations or efficiency. Economic and Political Conditionss: Federal Express is capable to the full universe ‘s economic and political status in the countries of fuel monetary values and supply, client purchase of their services, and dealingss with foreign states. As a planetary company, they are capable to much more hazard than domestic companies. Industry Prospects and Overall Attractiveness A tendency among Air Freight shippers is to utilize the Internet for communicating with clients and even obtaining transporting contracts with companies selling on the Internet. This confederation with the fastest-growing industry will convey exponential growing to the Air Freight industry, above and beyond what they would usually hold realized without this. This industry would stay attractive, with concentration on competition for market portion, service distinction, and trade name image.RecommendationsBased on the company history, company analysis, industry analysis and public presentation analysis, we have the undermentioned recommendations for Federal Express. Ensure that the employees, particularly pilots, are good compensated. Since Federal Express is a service company, employees are critical to its success. Place pilots ‘ wages at or above the industry norm. They need to keep a strong presence on the Internet, in instance of a shakedown, and happen ways to do their e-commerce user-friendly and profitable. They need to maintain monetary values within 10 % of their rivals monetary values, or do certain that their clients view their service as worth the monetary value.