Essay on Affirmative Action is Discrimination - 1075 Words

Affirmative action is wrong and will not help solve the problems minorities face.nbsp; The reason it is wrong is because its discrimination.nbsp; It has no place in todays society in todays society because it does more bad than good.nbsp; In addition to that most people dont enjoy the presence of affirmative action.nbsp; Also, it appears that affirmative action can actually be detrimental to employees health.nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; First of all, affirmative action is discrimination, there is no hiding it.nbsp; When an employer hires anyone because he or she is a minority, even if someone else if more qualified to do†¦show more content†¦nbsp; Obviously, affirmative action is allowing undereducated citizens to get into college when the people that are qualifiedShow MoreRelatedAffirmative Action : Discrimination And Discrimination Essay1143 Words   |  5 PagesWHAT IS AFFIRMATIVE ACTION Affirmative action can be described as positive discrimination. It is an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education. Affirmative action means taking positive steps to end discrimination, to prevent its recurrence, and to creative new opportunities that were previously denied minorities and women. Affirmative action itself has been defined as any measure, beyond simple termination of a discriminatoryRead MoreAffirmative Action : Discrimination And Discrimination910 Words   |  4 PagesFirst affirmative action refers to policies offering compensation to groups formerly targeted for discrimination and identified along social cleavages - racial groups in the United States and South Africa, and religious groups in Northern Ireland. Affirmative action is a federally mandated program for federal contractors as it relates to employment. Civil rights result from a series of federal and state civil rights laws and provide protection from discrimination and harassment on a variety of basesRead MoreAffirmative Action : Discrimination And Discrimination927 Words   |  4 PagesLegally, affirmative action refers to policies offering compensation to groups formerly targeted for discrimination and identified along social cleavages racial groups in the United States and South Africa, and r eligious groups in Northern Ireland. Affirmative action is also described as a federally mandated program for federal contractors as it relates to employment. Civil Right results from federal and state laws against discrimination. Some groups of people have been discriminated and harassmentRead MoreAffirmative Action : Discrimination And Ethnicity Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesLucia Lopez Intro to Philosophy Professor Gill Affirmative Action In â€Å"Arguing Affirmative Action,† Harvard professor Michael J. Sandel discusses the arguments that have arisen from the entry of affirmative action into practice. Affirmative action refers to admission policies, in this case put into effect by universities, that provide equal access to education for groups that have been historically excluded or underrepresented, such as women and minorities. In his essay, Sandel asks whether itRead MoreWorkplace Discrimination And Affirmative Action2174 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract Discrimination is an issue that has been debated for hundreds of years. It is a subject that is continuously researched and relentlessly looking for resolutions to amend the problems that occur. There are a myriad of types of discrimination but the main focus of this paper is on workplace discrimination and the effects affirmative action has on it. Workplace discrimination transpires when an employee suffers from unfavorable or unfair treatment due to race, religion, gender, sexual orientationRead MoreEssay on Affirmative Action is Reverse Discrimination1010 Words   |  5 PagesAffirmative Action is Reverse Discrimination    When the Civil Rights Bill was being debated on the floor of the Senate, Barry Goldwater predicted that this particular bill might be abused. Herbert Humphrey, however, stated that he would eat every page of the bill if ever it were used to justify discrimination against anybody on account of race or sex. The bill eventually passed and became the Civil Rights Act. From college admissions to government contracts, the Civil Rights Act has been grosslyRead MoreAffirmative Action is NOT Reverse Discrimination Essay2079 Words   |  9 Pages Affirmative action is not the source of discrimination, but the vehicle for removing the effects of discrimination. The Labor Department report found less than 100 reverse discrimination cases among more than 3,000 discrimination opinions by the U.S. District Court and the Court of Appeal between 1990 and 1994. Discrimination was established in only six cases. The report found that, â€Å"Many of the cases were the result of a disappointed applicant†¦. erroneously assuming that when a woman or minorityRead MoreDiscrimination And Sexual Harassment And Affirmative Action1594 Words   |  7 PagesDiscrimination and Sexual Harassment Most companies engage in some type of affirmative action policy. Affirmative actions are policies that are placed to engage in the improvement of underprivileged groups who either currently suffer or have historically suffered from discrimination and equality of opportunity. During our lecture, Dr. Kallfelz stated that affirmative action is a, â€Å"Proactive policy with primary immediate attempt to reform (and long term attempt to prevent and deter) socioeconomicallyRead MoreAffirmative Action : Discrimination Against Minorities1513 Words   |  7 PagesOthmane Ezzabdi AP Seminar Affirmative Action Affirmative action has been apart of the work environment in America since the 1960s until present time. Its main goal has been to suppress the discrimination against minorities and to give them a fighting chance to succeed in achieving their goal of living the American dream all in an act to counter the inexcusable racism and discrimination that has been inhumanely placed on to the minorities over a century ago in the United States; it will ultimatelyRead MoreEssay on Reverse Discrimination and Affirmative Action4000 Words   |  16 PagesReverse Discrimination and Affirmative Action Discrimination in employment has been an issue that has plagued our society throughout history. At the turn of this century it was acceptable to advertise job openings and specifically state that people of a certain race, color, religion, gender, or national origin need not apply. A lot has changed over the last 100 years. The proverbial pendulum has swung in the direction of federal protection of certain people, but the problem now is that

A Report On The Swiss Confederation - 1035 Words

In 1291, the Swiss Confederation was founded. In 1499, the Swiss Confederation obtained independence from the Holy Roman Empire. Finally, in 1848, a constitution was created that replaced the confederation with a centralized federal government. Today, the Swiss Confederation is most commonly known as Switzerland, one of the world’s richest and most innovative countries (The World Factbook: SWITZERLAND). In efforts to determine whether our firm should pursue business engagements in Switzerland, I, Paula Cuerquis, Senior Macroeconomist at our multinational corporation, created a report that outlines the overall macroeconomic conditions of the country of interest. In this report, I will be providing an assessment of Switzerland’s current†¦show more content†¦An example of this problematic dependence occurred in 2008 during the global financial crisis that resulted in the economic downturn in 2009. During this time, the demand for Swiss goods plummeted putting Swit zerland into a recession. While the Swiss National Bank, SNC, implemented a zero-interest rate policy that rejuvenated the economy, the domino effect that occurred due to this economic downturn resulted in the strength of the Swiss franc but also weakened the competition for trade and weakened the economy’s growth outlook (The World Factbook: Switzerland). As you can see in the image to the right, as of 2015, 43.4% of Swiss exports are generated by the European Union (Switzerland - Country Profile). An important thing to note here is that the Swiss economy is open to foreign investment. According to Heritage.org, Switzerland ranks a score, out of 95.0, of 90.0 in regards to Trade Freedom, 85.0 in Investment Freedom, and an increasing 90.0 score in regards to Financial Freedom. Sitzerland’s capitalizes on their openness to trade with industrial products but with a protected agricultural sector (Switzerland). Forbes ranked Switzerland #16 as one of the best countries for business. Moving forward, like I touched upon earlier, with a population of 8.1 million people, it’s astonishing how only 4.6% of Switzerland’s labor force is unemployed. Switzerland averages wages of $58,389 (US dollar), employment rates of 81.3%Show MoreRelatedSwitzerlands Economy: The Swiss Phenomenon Essay2063 Words   |  9 Pageshighly skilled labor force, high wages, and an extremely profitable export trade market. Switzerland’s long history of political stability, neutrality in world affairs, and direct democracy system has created the backbone to what has been called â€Å"the Swiss phenomenon† by National Geographic. Switzerland’s economy is built on a highly skilled labor force and a strong service sector. Switzerland’s manufacturing industry specializes in technological innovation and knowledge-related production. Its financialRead MoreEssay How the Super Rich Take Advantage of Swiss Banks1211 Words   |  5 Pagesbanking-secrecy laws, Swiss private banking is in good shape. Customers value Switzerland for its security, political stability and stable currency, and have continued to pour in new money over the past two years. Tax evasion isnt as important as sometimes supposed; much of the money coming in is from regions with low tax rates, like the Middle East and Asia. With the super-rich likely to see their wealth rise significantly in the coming years, the fu ture is bright for Swiss banks. But, this alsoRead MoreDemography and Switzerland Essay4807 Words   |  20 PagesFrench and the Italian. Two thirds of the Swiss population lives in the Plateau, between Lake Geneva and Lake Constance, in 30 percent of the countrys surface area. There are 450 people to every 1 km2 (1,166 per square mile). This makes the country one of the most densely populated regions of Europe and a promising prospect for marketing a product. The country that we know today took its final shape only in 1848. Before that time, we cannot really speak of Swiss history, but rather the history of itsRead MoreEssay about Switzerland4525 Words   |  19 PagesFrench and the Italian. Two thirds of the Swiss population lives in the Plateau, between Lake Geneva and Lake Constance, in 30 percent of the country’s surface area. There are 450 people to every 1 km2 (1,166 per square mile). This makes the country one of the most densely populated regions of Europe and a p romising prospect for marketing a product. The country that we know today took its final shape only in 1848. Before that time, we cannot really speak of Swiss history, but rather the history of itsRead MoreThe Key Departments Of A Business1332 Words   |  6 Pagesstrong foundations for a business to grow and thrive on. There are many research sources that can help businesses get a better understanding of what these departments are, what they can do and how they can help the business to grow. The aim of this report is to give valuable information on how to access the resources needed to help with successful research and how to identify sources that are credible as opposed to those sources that are not. For example, there could be two similar looking websitesRead MoreFor Years, Fifa Has Been The Center Of Allegations Involving1281 Words   |  6 Pages we have the collective belief and dedication to honesty, consistency, leadership, and maturity. In order to achieve having FIFA as a fair, clean sport. When it comes to honesty, we believe that the governing body of FIFA should have to produce reports more frequently that have a faithful representation of the information. FIFA should always be straight-forward and truthful when it comes to the financial accounts of the organization. That leads to the FIFA organization to also be consistent. WeRead MoreSwiss Chocolate19949 Words   |  80 Pagesfirst Swiss chocolate factory is set up in a former mill near Vevey. The founder, Francois-Louis Cailler, had learned the secrets of the chocolate-making trade in Italy. After eight years of experiment, the Swiss Daniel Peter puts the first milk chocolate on the market in 1875 and Rodolphe Lindt of Berne produces chocolate which melts on the tongue for the first time in the year 1879. Some Famous Swiss Chocolate Makers The Swiss have a history of famous Swiss chocolate makers that made Swiss chocolatesRead MoreThe World s Highest Living Standards2024 Words   |  9 PagesPrincipality of Liechtenstein was born within the Holy Roman Empire in 1719 through the unification of Vaduz and Schellenberg by an imperial diploma. Liechtenstein became a sovereign state in 1806, joined the German Confederation in 1815 and became fully independent in 1866 when the German Confederation was dissolved. (Brunhart Dumienski 2015; CIA 2016) Political System Liechtenstein is a constitutional monarchy ruled by the hereditary princes of Liechtenstein. It operates on a democratic and parliamentaryRead MoreTourism of Switzerland10781 Words   |  44 Pagesas their field sign. History: Switzerland evolved over many centuries from a loose alliance of small self-governing towns and states, beginning with the confederation of Uri, Schwyz and Nidwalden in 1291, to a fully-fledged federal state of 26 cantons. Despite periods of political, social and religious unrest, unity prevailed in the Old Swiss Confederacy. However, the French invasion of 1798 was to be a turning point in the country’s history, ushering in the first of several changes in governmentRead MoreHedging Currency Risk at TT Textiles7016 Words   |  29 Pagesthe sunlight stream in through his office windowpane. But his mind was elsewhere, tracking the movements of the Swiss franc (CHF) in the last few months and the world events that had caused them. The Swiss franc had touched 1.17 CHF/US$ from the previous year’s record of 0.96CHF/US$. That was good news for him. Or was it? The irony of the situation was not lost on him. Once, the Swiss had franc barely figured among all the different currencies that vied for his attention in the normal course of things

Night World Secret Vampire Chapter 1 Free Essays

It was on the first day of summer vacation that Poppy found out she was going to die. It happened on Monday, the first real day of vacation (the weekend didn’t count). Poppy woke up feeling gloriously weightless and thought, No school. We will write a custom essay sample on Night World : Secret Vampire Chapter 1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sunlight was streaming in the window, turning the sheer hangings around her bed filmy gold. Poppy pushed them aside and jumped out of bed and winced. Ouch. That pain in her stomach again.-Sort of a gnawing, as if something were eating its way toward her back. It helped a little if she bent over. No, Poppy thought. I refuse to be sick during summer vacation. I refuse. A little power of positive thinking is what’s needed here. Grimly, doubled over-think positive, idiot!-she made her way down the hall to the turquoise-and gold-tiled bathroom. At first she thought she was going to throw up, but then the pain eased as suddenly as it had come. Poppy straightened and regarded her tousled reflection triumphantly. â€Å"Stick with me, kid, and you’ll be fine,† she whispered to it, and gave a conspiratorial wink. Then she leaned forward, seeing her own green eyes narrow in suspicion. There on her nose were four freckles. Four anda half, if she were completely honest, which Poppy North usually was. How childish, how-cute! Poppy stuck her tongue out at herself and then turned away with great dignity, without bothering to comb the wild coppery curls that clustered over her head. She maintained the dignity until she got to the kitchen, where Phillip, her twin brother, was eating Special K. Then she narrowed her eyes again, this time at him. It was bad enough to be small, slight, and curly-haired–to look, in fact, as much like an elf as anything she’d ever seen sitting on a buttercup in a children’s picture book–hut to have a twin who was tall, Viking-blond, and classically handsome .. well, that just showed a certain deliberate malice in the makeup of the universe, didn’t it? â€Å"Hello, Phillip,† she said in a voice heavy with menace. Phillip, who was used to his sister’s moods, was unimpressed. He lifted his gaze from the comic section of the L.A. Times for a moment. Poppy had to admit that he had nice eyes: questing green eyes with very dark lashes. They were the only thing the twins had in common. Phillip said flatly, and went back to the comics. Not many kids Poppy knew read the newspaper, but that was Phil all over. Like Poppy, he’d been a junior at El Camino High last year, and unlike Poppy, he’d made straight A’s while starring on the football team, the hockey team, and the baseball team. Also serving as class president One of Poppy’s greatest joys in life was teasing him. She thought he was too straitlaced. Just now she giggled and shrugged, giving up the menacing look. â€Å"Where’s Cliff and Mom?† Cliff Hilgard was their stepfather of three years and even straighter-laced than Phil. â€Å"Cliff’s at work. Mom’s getting dressed. You’d better eat something or she’ll get on your case.† â€Å"Yeah, yeah †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Poppy went on tiptoe to rummage through a cupboard. Finding a box of Frosted Flakes, she thrust a hand in and delicately pulled out one flake. She ate it dry. It wasn’t all bad being short and elfin. She did a few dance steps to the refrigerator, shaking the cereal box in rhythm. â€Å"I’m a †¦ sex pixie!† she sang, giving it a footstomping rhythm. â€Å"No, you’re not,† Phillip said with devastating calm. â€Å"And why don’t you put some clothes on?† Holding the refrigerator door open, Poppy looked down at herself. She was wearing the oversize T-shirt she’d slept in. It covered ‘ her like a , minidress. â€Å"This isclothes,† she said serenely, taking a Diet Coke from the fridge. There was a knock at the kitchen door. Poppy saw who it was through the screen. â€Å"Hi, James! C’mon in.† James Rasmussen came in, taking off his wraparound Ray-Bans. Looking at him, Poppy felt apang-as always. It didn’t matter that she had seenhim every day, practically, for the past ten years. Shestill felt a quick sharp throb in her chest, somewherebetween sweetness and pain, when first confronted with him every morning. It wasn’t just his outlaw good looks, which alwaysreminded her vaguely of James Dean. He had silky light brown hair, a subtle, intelligent face, and grayeyes that were alternately intense and cool. He was the handsomest boy at El Camino High, but that wasn’t it, that wasn’t what Poppy responded to. It was something insidehim, something mysterious andcompelling and always just out of reach. It made her heart beat fast and her skin tingle. Phillip felt differently. As soon as James came in, he stiffened and his face went cold. Electric dislike flashed between the two boys. Then James smiled faintly, as if Phillip’s reactionamused him.†Hi.† â€Å"Hi,†Phil said, not thawing in the least. Poppyhad the strong sense that he’d like to bundle herup and rush her out of the room. Phillip alwaysoverdid the protective-brother bit when James wasaround. â€Å"So how’s Jacklyn and Michaela?† headded nastily. James considered. â€Å"Well, I don’t really know.† â€Å"You don’t know?Oh, yeah, you always drop yourgirlfriends just before summer vacation. Leaves you free to maneuver, right?† â€Å"Of course,† James said blandly. He smiled. Phillip glared at him with unabashed hatred. Poppy, for her part, was seized by joy. Goodbye, Jacklyn; goodbye Michaela. Goodbye to Jacklyn’s elegant long legs and Michaela’s amazing pneumatic chest. This was going to be a wonderful summer. Many people thought Poppy and James’s relationship platonic. This wasn’t true. Poppy had known for years that she was going to marry him. It was one of her two great ambitions, the other being to see the world. She just hadn’t gotten around to informing James yet. Right now he still thought he liked long-legged girls with salon fingernails and Italian pumps. â€Å"Is that a new CD?† she said, to distract him fromhis stare out with his future brother-in-law. James hefted it. â€Å"It’s the new Ethnotechno release.† Poppy cheered. â€Å"More Tuva throat singers-I can’t wait. Let’s go listen to it.But just then her mother walked in. Poppy’s mother was cool, blond, and perfect, like an Alfred Hitchcock heroine. Shenormally wore an expression of effortless efficiency. Poppy, heading out of the kitchen, nearlyran into her. â€Å"Sorry-morning!† â€Å"Hold on a minute,† Poppy’s mother said, gettinghold of Poppy by the back of her T-shirt. â€Å"Good morning, Phil; good morning, James,† she added.Phil said good morning and James nodded, ironically polite. â€Å"Has everybody had breakfast?† Poppy’s motherasked, and when the boys said they had, she looked at her daughter. â€Å"And what about you?† she asked,gazing into Poppy’s face. Poppy rattled the Frosted Flakes box and hermother winced. â€Å"Why don’t you at least put milkon them?† â€Å"Better this way,† Poppy said firmly, but when hermother gave her a little push toward the refrigerator, she went and got a quart carton of lowfat milk. â€Å"What are you planning to do with your first day of freedom?† her mother said, glancing from James to Poppy. â€Å"Oh, I don’t know.† Poppy looked at James. â€Å"Listen to some music; maybe go up to the hills? Or drive to the beach?† â€Å"Whatever you want,† James said. â€Å"We’ve got allsummer.† The summer stretched out in front of Poppy, hotand golden and resplendent. It smelled like pool chlo rine and sea salt; it felt like warm grass under her back. Three whole months, she thought. That’s forever. Three months is forever. It was strange that she was actually thinking thiswhen it happened. â€Å"We could check out the new shops at the Village — was beginning, when suddenly the painstruck and her breath caught in her throat. It was bad-a deep, twisting burst of agony thatmade her double over. The milk carton flew fromher fingers and everything went gray. How to cite Night World : Secret Vampire Chapter 1, Essay examples

A History Of The Beatles Essay Research free essay sample

A History Of The Beatles Essay, Research Paper Probably the most popular, influential and digesting stone group of all clip, the Beatles about single-handedly reshaped stone # 8216 ; n # 8217 ; axial rotation from a genre of street arab singles by faceless stars to an artistic medium with memorable images and graven images. The Beatles placed the accent on a group, instead than a individual person, like Frank Sinatra or Elvis. They besides set an illustration for all stone N axial rotation sets to follow with their strong sense of self-government, traveling against their record company and direction on many issues, even declining to tour at the tallness of their popularity. Of class, their countless hit singles have become contemporary common people vocals, covered by 100s of persons and groups and animating countless more, and have sold more transcripts than those of any other set in history. The roots of the Beatles day of the month back to Liverpool, England in the late fiftiess. Inspired by the turning skiffle fad, John Lennon bought a guitar in March 1957 and formed a skiffle group called the Quarrymen, named after his high school, Quarry Bank. The batting order changed often, but by October 1959 it consisted of Lennon, his younger schoolmate Paul McCartney, George Harrison and drummer Colin Hanton. By March of 1960, Lennon # 8217 ; s art school classmate Stuart Sutcliffe joined the set on bass and suggested the name the Beetles, a drama on Buddy Holly # 8217 ; s group the Crickets. By that summer they were the Silver Beatles, settling on the Beatles in August. That month the Beatles left for Hamburg, West Germany, with their new drummer Pete Best, to seek to set up themselves in Europe. The set became a popular local act, executing at assorted nines until they were expelled from the state in November because George Harrison was minor. The Beatles returned to Germany in early 1961 to enter as a backup set for vocalist Tony Sheridan ; these Sessionss were subsequently released during the mid- # 8217 ; 60s as # 8220 ; new # 8221 ; Beatles stuff, taking advantage of unsuspicious fans. Meanwhile Sutcliffe had left the set to prosecute his art calling and relationship with German photographer Astrid Kircherr. Paul took over on bass. Ironically, Stu died of a encephalon bleeding the undermentioned twelvemonth, right before the Beatle s 3rd Hamburg visit. Throughout 1961 the Beatles played nines in Britain, going an belowground esthesis ; they were peculiarly celebrated at the Cavern Club in Liverpool. Though they played largely screens, Lennon and McCartney began composing original vocals together, holding to forever portion songwriting credits, even though they merely co-wrote a smattering of melodies during their full calling as the Beatles. By the terminal of the twelvemonth, Liverpool record shop proprietor Brian Epstein had become the set # 8217 ; s director, and rapidly began seeking to happen them a record contract. On January 1, 1962 the Beatles auditioned for Decca Records, executing 12 screens and three masters for A A ; R helper Mike Smith. The group was rejected, nevertheless, and told that # 8220 ; guitar groups are on the manner out. # 8221 ; Undaunted, Epstein got the group an hearing at Parlophone, an EMI subordinate, with manufacturer George Martin, who signed the Beatles on May 9, 1962. After one recording session, Martin suggested that drummer Pete Best be replaced, and the Beatles brought in Ringo Starr ( born Richard Starkey ) , a well-known local drummer, as his replacing. By October 1962 their first individual, Love Me Do # 8221 ; b/w # 8220 ; P.S. I Love You, was a U.K. Top 20 hit, allegedly because Epstein bought 10,000 transcripts himself to guarantee that it would chart. The set became regular invitees on the BBC, executing over 50 times between 1962 and 1964. In February of 1963 the Beatles returned to the studio to record 10 vocals ( in one twenty-four hours! ) for their first album, Please Please Me, which was released the following month. It became an blink of an eye hit, remaining at No. 1 in Britain for 30 hebdomads and by October, female fans were shouting at their public presentations, the start of # 8220 ; Beatlemania. # 8221 ; Following an early November public presentation before the royal household, Parlophone released a 2nd Beatles album, With The Beatles. By the terminal of the twelvemonth the group had sold over 2.5 million albums in Britain, and had a twine of million-selling singles. Naturally, word about this astonishing new act shortly spread to America. Yet, disregarding the British success of the Fab Four, EMI # 8217 ; s U.S. spouse, Capitol, refused to publish the first few Beatles singles, which were alternatively picked up by the Chicago-based indie label Vee Jay Records. Vee Jay packaged the early singles as Introducing the Beatles, their first U.S. LP. During the 2nd half of 1963 it was the lone Beatles stuff available in America, and sold improbably good ; by 1964 a tribunal awarded the rights to all Beatles recordings to EMI/Capitol, and the record went out of print, merely to go one of the most counterfeited albums in music history. In January of 1964 Capitol released their first U.S. Beatles LP, Meet the Beatles, incorporating remixed stuff from their two British albums. Following a landmark three weekend stretch on the Ed Sullivan show in February of 1964 ( viewed by over 73 million people ) , the Beatles were the biggest set in America, # 8220 ; Beatlemania # 8221 ; had taken clasp of the U.S. , besides paving the manner for other # 8220 ; British Invasion # 8221 ; groups. To capitalise on their unbelievable popularity, the Fab Four were made the stars of a comedy movie, A Hard Days Night, which, surprisingly, earned good reappraisals and, non surprisingly, produced a hit soundtrack album. Following the release of the film in July, the set left for their first North American circuit, executing 25 bowl day of the months in the U.S. and Canada. By the terminal of the twelvemonth Beatles For Sale was in British shops, portion of EMI # 8217 ; s program to hold a new Beatles album out every six months, while their old albums and singles still clogged the U.S. and U.K Top 10. In 1965 the set appeared in a 2nd film, the James Bond parody Aid! , which besides spawned a soundtrack album. Another immense U.S. circuit followed. Not content with their unprecedented commercial success, the Beatles began to take their music more earnestly, switching from screens and cheerful dad love vocals to more thoughtful, experimental stuff, highlighted on December 1965 # 8217 ; s Rubber Soul. The following U.S. Beatles album, Yesterday # 8230 ; And Today, was released on June 15, 1966 and featured a shocking screen featuring the fine-looking Fab Four surrounded by natural meat and butchered babe dolls, a protest against Capitol # 8217 ; s # 8220 ; abattoir # 8221 ; of their albums in the U.S.. Complaints from retail merchants instantly rolled in, and the album was withdrawn, reissued the undermentioned hebdomad with a new, mundane screen of a steamer bole. ( Today transcripts of the album with the original screen are deserving 1000s of dollars. ) Further contention plagued the group when John Lennon claimed in a newspaper interview that the Beatles were # 8220 ; more popular than Jesus. # 8221 ; Many wireless Stationss stopped playing their vocals, and dissenters appeared outside their concerts. Meanwhile the group was progressively under the influence of the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, an Indian guru ; this flirting with Eastern faith shortly became common among # 8217 ; 60s stone stars, and, more interestingly, lead the Beatles to experiment with Indian sitar music on their following few albums. The set besides began utilizing big sums of psychedelic drugs, boding the # 8220 ; flower kids # 8221 ; of the following few old ages. Following the release of Revolver, their most mature attempt to day of the month, in August 1966, the Beatles embarked on their concluding U.S. circuit, playing their last unrecorded show at San Francisco # 8217 ; s Candlestick Park on August 29th. From so on, the set announced, they were traveling to maintain away from unrecorded public presentations to concentrate on more luxuriant studio productions. Rumors were spread in the media as the set disappeared from the populace. The Beatles spent much of early 1967 in the studio, entering their amazing, Sgt. Pepper # 8217 ; s Lonely Hearts Club Band. This groundbreaking construct album wholly changed the manner stone albums were created. It used legion studio effects, placed the accent on the album as a whole instead than on singles, and rewrote the criterion for cover art with its celebrated composition board cutout-based exposure montage. Sgt. Pepper # 8217 ; s Lonely Hearts Club Band subsequently won four Grammys, including Best Album. On August 27, 1967 Beatles trough Brian Epstein was found dead of a drug overdose, perchance knowing. The set was shaken, but decided non to engage a new director, presuming complete control over their ain calling. Their first undertaking without Epstein # 8217 ; s counsel, the construct album and BBC TV particular Charming Mystery Tour, was attacked by critics, and was likely the beginning of the terminal for the Beatles. By 1968 the group had formed its ain record label, Apple, and they were entering paths for a new dual album. Sessions were filled with tenseness as members of the group sporadically stormed out and frequently failed to record together, turning in paths recorded independently. The eccentric consequence, popularly referred to as The White Album but officially called The Beatles, was released in November of 1968, and featured a invitee visual aspect by Eric Clapton on the individual # 8220 ; While My Guitar Gently Weeps. # 8221 ; That same month John Lennon released a solo album recorded with his controversial new lover, Nipponese creative person Yoko Ono, entitled Unfinished Music No. 1 # 8211 ; Two Virgins. Late in 1968 an animated movie inspired by the vocal # 8220 ; Yellow Submarine # 8221 ; was released in theatres. Despite the cheery tone of the movie, created with small set engagement, the existent Beatles were barely talking, passing more clip on their personal lives and their ain musical undertakings than on the group. In January 1969 the weary set began fixing to enter a new album live in the studio, without any overdubs, tentatively entitled Get Back. For an accompanying movie, the Beatles performed on the roof of their studio, their last public visual aspect of all time. While fixing the album, the group began to contend over originative issues, and the undertaking was shelved, while the group continued to deteriorate. On March 12, McCartney married American lensman Linda Eastman ; several yearss subsequently Lennon officially married Yoko Ono. By May the Beatles # 8217 ; state of affairs worsened when the group appointed Allen Klein as their new concern director, despite expostulations by Paul McCartney, who wanted to give the occupation to his new father-in-law. Though conflict continued to hangout the group, the Beatles returned one last clip to EMI Studios to enter Abbey Road with George Martin, an surprisingly together album. By early 1970 each of the four Beatles was working on a solo album, but each publically denied rumours of a split. In September 1969, Lennon told his bandmates that he wanted to quit, but because the group was renegociating with EMI at the clip, the dissolution was temporarily put aside. Meanwhile, rampant rumours spread across America that Paul McCartney had died in an car accident several old ages earlier and had been in secret replaced by a double ; the alleged # 8220 ; hints # 8221 ; hidden in wordss and cover art were rapidly proved to be the merchandise of hyperactive imaginativenesss. Sadly, internal tenseness resurfaced in the Beatles when Allen Klein brought in Phil Spector to bring forth and overdub Get Back ( released in May 1970 as Let It Be ) against Paul # 8217 ; s wants, besides demanding that Paul delay the release of McCartney, his solo introduction, in order to avoid take awaying from gross revenues of Let It Be. In choler, McCartney released his album in April, before Let It Be, and publically announced that he was discontinuing the group. On December 31, 1970 McCartney filed suit against Klein to interrupt up the Beatles, which upset the other three, who had considered sporadically entering as a group while go oning their solo callings # 8212 ; now any opportunity of a reunion was gone, at least for rather a piece. Apple Records became a fiscal and legal muss. During the 1970s each of the Beatles released solo albums. Paul, executing with married woman Linda in the group Wings, was the most commercially successful. John recorded on and off with Yoko Ono, and continued to pull attending for his extremist political relations ( though he semi-retired from music in 1975 to pass clip with his neonate boy, Sean ) . Throughout the decennary there was idle talk of a reunion, top outing about 1976 when a Beatlesque Australian group named Klaatu was rumored to be the Fab Four under a false name ( they weren # 8217 ; T, though their director and record company encouraged the rumour ) and Saturday Night Live manufacturer Lorne Michaels half-seriously offered the Beatles $ 3,000 to execute on his show. Though all four Beatles did lend to the 1973 Ring Starr vocal # 8220 ; I # 8217 ; m the Greatest, # 8221 ; no existent reunion of all time took topographic point. On December 8, 1980 all opportunities of that go oning were ended when a deranged fan, Mark David Chapman shooting and killed John Lennon outside his New York flat. Although the Beatles had non released any new albums since 1970, involvement in the group remained high into the # 8217 ; 90s, their backcatalog selling 1000000s of transcripts a twelvemonth and providing Capitol with a big portion of their one-year income. Printing rights to all Lennon-McCartney composings were sold during the # 8217 ; 80s for 100s of 1000000s of dollars, at one point passing through the custodies of Michael Jackson. Though Capitol issued singles/out-takes digests such as Past Masters and Rarities, a batch more unreleased stuff remained unavailable due to on-going legal jobs, and ended up on illegal moonshines. By the early # 8217 ; 90s Paul, George, Ringo and Yoko Ono settled their dissensions about contracts, allowing the re-release of long unavailable recordings. In 1994 Capitol issued a dual Cadmium of early Beatles recordings for the BBC. Phenomenal gross revenues of Live at the BBC inspired more development of the Beatles bequest. In 1995 the lasting Beatles came together to lend to a Television docudrama about the group and choice stuff for a planned rarenesss anthology of out-takes and demos. While together, Paul, George and Ringo laid down music for two John Lennon demo out-takes, # 8220 ; Free as a Bird # 8221 ; and # 8220 ; Real Love. # 8221 ; Though the sound quality was frequently abysmal, the stuff inferior, and the environing ballyhoo insulting, America # 8217 ; s aging Beatles fans ate up the three 1996 double-album releases, Beatles Anthology 1, 2, and 3, which sold over 15 million transcripts in less than a twelvemonth. Capitol one time once more insists that there is no more Beatles stuff that will be released. Even though one of the Fab Four has passed off, they live on, about vividly, in the Black Marias of the young person in the universe. Nothing before or since the Beatles has affected people in such a immense manner. Forty old ages ago, four immature chaps from Liverpool, England got together and grew and grew until they were bigger than anything that s of all time been seen in the music industry. They live everlastingly in me, the universe, in music, in everything. Love surrounds them for infinity. 338

Politics Of Plato And Aristotle Essays (1153 words) -

Politics Of Plato And Aristotle To compare the political theories of two great philosophers of politics is to first examine each theory in depth. Plato is regarded by many experts as the first writer of political philosophy, and Aristotle is recognized as the first political scientist. These two men were great thinkers. They each had ideas of how to improve existing societies during their individual lifetimes. It is necessary to look at several areas of each theory to seek the difference in each. The main focus of Plato is a perfect society. He creates a blueprint for a utopian society, in his book The Republic, out of his disdain for the tension of political life (Hacker, 24). This blueprint was a sketch of a society in which the problems he thought were present in his society would be eased (Hacker 24). Plato sought to cure the afflictions of both human society and human personality (Hacker 24). Essentially what Plato wants to achieve is a perfect society. Aristotle, unlike Plato, is not concerned with perfecting society. He just wants to improve on the existing one. Rather than produce a blueprint for the perfect society, Aristotle suggested, in his work, The Politics, that the society itself should reach for the best possible system that could be attained (Hacker 71). Aristotle relied on the deductive approach, while Aristotle is an example of an inductive approach (Hacker 71). Utopia is a solution in abstract, a solution that has no concrete problem (Hacker 76). There is no solid evidence that all societies are in need of such drastic reformation as Plato suggests (Hacker 76). Aristotle discovers that the best possible has already been obtained (Hacker 76). All that can be done is to try to improve on the existing one. Plato's utopia consists of three distinct, non-hereditary class systems (Hacker 32). The Guardians consist of non ruling Guardians and ruling Guardians. The non-rulers are a higher level of civil servants and the ruling is the society's policy makers (Hacker 32). Auxilaries are soldiers and minor civil servants (Hacker 32). Finally the Workers, are composed of farmers and artisans, most commonly unskilled laborers (Hacker 32). The Guardians are to be wise and good rulers. It is important that the rulers who emerge must be a class of craftsmen who are public-spirited in temperament and skilled in the arts of government areas (Hacker 33). The guardians are to be placed in a position in which they are absolute rulers. They are supposed to be the select few who know what is best for society (Hacker 33). Aristotle disagrees with the idea of one class holding discontinuing political power (Hacker 85). The failure to allow circulation between classes excludes those men who may be ambitious, and wise, but are not in the right class of society to hold any type of political power (Hacker 85). Aristotle looks upon this ruling class system as an ill-conceived political structure (Hacker 86). He quotes "It is a further objection that he deprives his Guardians even of happiness, maintaining that happiness of the whole state which should be the object of legislation," ultimately he is saying that Guardians sacrifice their happiness for power and control. Guardians who lead such a strict life will also think it necessary to impose the same strict lifestyle on the society it governs (Hacker 86). Aristotle puts a high value on moderation (Hacker 81). Many people favor moderation because it is part-liberal and part-conservative. There is so much of Plato's utopia that is undefined and it is carried to extremes that no human being could ever fulfill its requirements (Hacker 81). Aristotle believes that Plato is underestimating the qualitative change in human character and personality that would have to take place in order to achieve his utopia (Hacker 81). Plato chose to tell the reader of his Republic how men would act and what their attitudes would be in a perfect society (Hacker 81). Aristotle tries to use real men in the real world in an experimental fashion to foresee how and in which ways they can be improved (Hacker 81). Both Plato and Aristotle agree that justice exists in an objective sense: that is, it dictates a belief that the good life should be provided for all individuals no matter how high or low their social status (Hacker 91). "In democracies, for example, justice is considered to mean equality, in oligarchies, again inequality in the distribution of office is considered to be just, " says Aristotle (Hacker 91). Plato sees the justice and law as

Pleasantville Essay Essays

Pleasantville Essay Essays Pleasantville Essay Paper Pleasantville Essay Paper Ross demonstrates the change of perspective through the realization of ones potential. It Is the discovery of this potential that In turn changes ones outlook on the world around them and In turn the perspective of the people around them. The character Betty is a perfect example of alteration of ones perspective. Betty learns that she has more potential than a housewife. When Bettys outlook is altered, her social role, attitudes and values are altered as well. In Pleasantries the people came divided as they discovered their potential to make their own choices and began to express their own emotions. Betty left her role as a housewife and realized her lust for the milk bar owner. The use of color was used to portray the notion of change and altered perspective. When a persons perspective was altered they would become colored (as opposed to black and white) as well as a piece of the world around them. The Inevitability of change Is expressed through the supporting characters futile attempts to prevent It. FALL Change is a major theme in the animated series FALL. Much of the plot has to do with Mantas progressive change of attitude and perspective due to an unlikely encounter with a strange girl named Hard-Hard Hark. When we first see Anita, hes a kid trying to act like and adult, as many kids do, and even criticizes others lack of maturity. His first encounter with Hark leads him to remark that shes a stupid adult who refuses to grow up. And he gets quite frustrated with his father in the first episode hen he goes Into his living room to find Hark has been hired as their housekeeper. One way change is shown In FALL Is through a quote at the beginning Nothing amazing happens here. Everything Is ordinary. A huge factory that can be seen from our town, the Medical Mechanic plant, all the adults got exited when it came here like it was really a big deal, but nothing changed. This quote shows the way significant changes seldom happen in a small country town like Mambas and even when they do, normalcy returns quickly. Everyday large amounts of white smoke billow forth from the medical mechanic factory which is seen as a sort of barrier around the town which symbolizes how Mambas is cut off from the rest of the world. Anita is a perfect example of someone resisting change to the fullest extent. This is represented by his reluctance to swing the bat which is used as an extended metaphor to show his reluctance to accept change in the form of trying new things because as professional hockey player Wayne Greeter said You will miss 100% of the shots you dont take. Therefore if you dont try then monotony will resume. The other mall character Hard-Hard Hark Is seen as a kind Implement of change forcing Anita to adapt to changes in his environment and eventually in pep to cause changes wanly Is snow tongue near motivating NV Into swelling ten oat wanly drastically changes his perspective and forces him to accept constant change as a regular part of his life. **SONG** Comparison Unlike Pleasantries FALL is about the change of one kid not an entire world and isnt as upfront and obvious about it.

Innovation Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Innovation Management - Essay Example Emphasising this particular concern, the aim of this paper is to explore the strategies adopted by Apple, to counter the competitive influences caused by the innovative strategies taken by Samsung and Google as the major competitors in the industry. Accordingly, due significance will be delivered to the various types of innovative strategies, such as offensive, defensive, imitative, dependent and traditional & opportunist tactics as used or can be used by Apple to overcome the competition challenges. Conclusively, the discussion of the paper will be intended towards developing a 5 years strategic planning, reflecting upon the presently applied strategies, future possible strategies and imbibing new technologies in its currently ongoing practices. Setbacks of Apple in Comparison to the Innovative Strategies Adopted by Samsung and Google Samsung and Goggle are two of the leading brands in the information technology market currently. These organisations can be observed to have taken con siderable plunge towards the application of innovative strategies in order to gain a leadership positioning in the industry context and beat Apple as a competitor in the same. They have not only flooded the market with new innovative and attractive products, but have also been highly focused on understanding customer demand and responding to their changing buying behaviour with efficiency (AFP, 2013). As a consequence, Google was able to obtain a considerable influence on the competitive forces in the oligopolistic market structure of the industry. Similarly, Samsung also believes in rapid innovation concerning the pace of technology advancement in the current phenomenon where the lifecycle of the products are much shortened owing to the imitative strategies practiced by the competitive brands. Samsung appeals to a larger market by providing the customers with a variety of Information Technology (IT) gadgets such as smartphones, tablets, and breathalysers. Assessing the past perform ance of the company, it can be affirmed that Samsung has been doing well in the low-end market and has recently began to expand its presence in the high-end market, giving a tough competition to the already existing brands including Google and Apple. Illustrative, its market share increased to 36% in Q2 of 2011 from about 18% in the same quarter of 2010. While Google has been able to obtain market success based on its product versatility, even though its serves with a limited number of products as compared to Apple and Samsung, Samsung’s success has been mostly driven by its innovative strategies to keep expanding its product line, improving on the basis of differentiation prospects. Replicating the oligopolistic structure of the industry, Samsung also attempts to work in collaboration with other IT companies, including Google to practice innovative strategies and gain competitiveness in the market. For instance, Samsung is renowned as the largest adopter of Google Android so ftware and also a leading supply chain partner of Microsoft Incorporation whereby its major proportion of

Dr. Browns Medical Office Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Dr. Browns Medical Office - Case Study Example The physician's office is an independently run office that also functions as a business organization in itself, and it must compete with other local physician's offices. The organization is named after the physician, Dr. Brown, and is referred to as "Dr. Brown's Medical Office." The medical office, which focuses in dermatology, has provided a good organizational structure to assist adult learners and those working to gain knowledge of the field. Trainees, for instance, are always working under somebody, and they usually participate in several aspects of examinations and do other jobs around the office. The training is a very hands on experience. The office also continues to offer training courses and opportunities to learn one on one with the doctor as necessary, thus encouraging the learners. The business is attempting to improve its prospects by moving its skin care products online and thus reaching a larger target audience, since it had always been recognized as a local business. Therefore, an analysis of this organization and its interactions with its adult learners is necessary to understanding how the business could better focus on use of technology and the Internet to achieve goals. Dr. Brown's office has been in business for twenty-one years. They are a local business venture and provide many services. Since the dermatology services offered at this office are not always covered by health insurance, the company must do what they can to keep prices low and attract customers. A variety of local advertising is used in local newspapers and pamphlets. The advertising focuses on the services offered, and the fact that the services here are usually better priced than services at other local offices. The company has been successful, even regardless of the recent recession. It has been able to retain its customers by offering price slashes and returning customer discounts. Furthermore, it has also ventured into offering its own skin care line, which can be sold nationwide on a website, and thus increase the target audience of the company. Therefore, while the company has been hurt a bit by the recession, it has managed to keep itself progressing. It has always welcomed students and adult learners into its environment to assist them with learning about various skin procedures. Sometimes these adult learners work under internship status, and others are assistants that are hired by the company. Both of these adult learners are usually still attending college and learning about both skin care and the business aspects of this type of industry. The environment of the office is very friendly and very clean. It emulates the feeling of a very well-taken care of office. The office itself is located in an old house, and when renovating the office it was decided to keep some of the more "homey" aspects of the house. The waiting room is setup with couches for comfortability, as it is very inviting to the customers. However, the actual rooms set up for patients to visit the doctors are all setup to meet medical standards. Each has a sink, the necessary medical supplies for the various procedures and check-ups involved, and a place for the patients to lie down. The environment itself has the employees function on a variety of levels. Depending on the procedures that occur that day, the adult learners may or may not be

Discourse Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discourse Community - Essay Example The coffee shop will focus on quality delivery with minimum time. The price range is especially selected keeping in mind the students and also the available market competition. A special attention has being given to the existing competition in the market. Marketing plan is being designed keeping in view the start up budget and business requirements. All the operational requirements especially the suppliers and the equipment necessary for the successful operations of the coffee shop are catered as well. The need for staffing needs special attention and for these reasons part time employees will be present at the coffee shop. At the end the most important part that is financial projections are being provided which provides a detail view on the cash inflows and outflows. The coffee shop will be a limited partnership between three friends. Two of them named Jane and Rena will provide the capital for the initial setup of the coffee shop and the third friend named John will get 20% of the profits but he won’t participate in management of business as the he is the owner of the place where the shop will be located. Rest 80% of the ownership will be in the hands of Jane and Rena. All will be active partners in the managerial decisions. The reason for this type of partnership is to minimize the initial investment cost as if John’s property won’t be used for the purpose of coffee shop the rentals will increase the cost and because John won’t be participating in managing the coffee shop, it’s a limited partnership. Our coffee shop will be aligned with all the health and safety requirements. Clean and distilled water, with proper filtration system will be part of the coffee shop. All the checks and measures related to the safety and environment of the coffee shop will be given the utmost importance. The coffee shop will be a great place where customers can come and socialize. The comfortable environment with open interior, wooden

Media And Violence Against Women Media Essay

Media And Violence Against Women Media Essay There has been an exponential growth in the media over the last fifty years. We have witnessed the advent of technology with the development of; telegraph, newspaper, magazines, television to internet. No doubt, the advance has been tremendous. Modern society depends hugely on information. Communication is important at work, health care, personal relationships traveling, and entertainment. Indeed most of our decisions, values, and beliefs are based on our assumptions, facts we know, our values, our studies and our experience. In our daily lives, we rely hugely on information we get from the media. Our trust on media as an indisputable authority to give us entertainment, news, and education is evident in all civilized nations of the modern world. People are at all times being exposed and bombarded constantly with thousand of sex, celebrities, advertising, violence and much more. Indeed, a modern child is exposed to more than 40,000 adverts each day. It is then imperative that we appreciate the role of the media to shape our values, beliefs, and decisions. Every six hours, a woman is murdered in South Africa. Each day, two women are killed in Guatemala. In every 15 seconds in Sao Paulo, Brazil, a woman is assaulted. In U.S.A, within a span of six minutes, a woman is raped. In Europe, 50% of women go through sexual harassment, or physical contact where they work.6000 women are genitallly mutilated in North Africa every day. In China, more than 15,000 women will be sold to sexual slavery this year. This grim statistics points to the fact that violence on women is rooted in the global culture of discrimination. This is a human rights issue. Legitimization of women bodies for individuals and political gratification is disturbing. Each year, community, and home violence devastates and shatters lives of millions of women throughout the world. In 2009, 8000 women were raped in Democratic Republic of Congo. This is a society where combatants have a prevalence rate of 60% H.I.V (Amnesty international, 2010). This form of violence cannot be justified by any cultural, religious, and political claim. Violence is being allowed to happen daily by the prevailing global culture with impunity. Every time when women are terrorized, raped by soldiers as spoils of war, abused in custody, battered at home; what is manifested is unequal power between men and women. This reduces their choices and worsens their plight. Governments all over the world have legal, social, economic duties to protect and punish any form of abuse done on women. This is a responsibility they must sustain with due diligence to protect individual rights from abuses. Violence against women manifests itself in a number of ways. When in custody, aggression on happens due to unevenness of control between inmates and guards is because of dependency on correctional officers and the ability of the guards to hold on privileges. In order to get food or personal hygiene products, women are coerced into supplying sex for favors. Though these crimes are prevalent, perpetrators are rarely held accountable (Division for the Advancement of Women, UN, 2006) Honor Killings; In some countries, if suspected of extra marital relations, even in the case of rape, the cruelest form of indignity and violence is meted on women. Those who are raped are incapable of providing overt substantiation and are occasionally accused of Zina .This is especially so in Iran. The punishment is often stoning .Laws such as these only serve to aggravate and inhibit women from pursuing cases of those who raped them.Making an assumption that the woman is guilty, male respective families believe the only form of dealing with the infringement of honor is to kill the woman. The presence of pornographic videos and images in the media portrays women as cheap and objects of personal gratification. This is a widespread phenomenon, highly commercialized form of business, whose existence is solely because of media reliance. It should be noted that it is the electronic media that hosts most of these demeaning and distasteful images. The fact that the media will place the woman as an object brings about the expected setback of women rights being violated. Domestic violence; this is a global pandemic. With no exception, a womans greatest risk is from someone she knows. Resentment at homes is a contravention of a womans physical right, veracity, and right to being. When basic steps are not taken to curb this abuse, crimes of this nature are allowed to prevail Female Genital Mutilation; F.G.M is the removal of every or a fraction of women external genitalia. In Africa, it is being practiced in more than 28 countries. With dire consequences, an estimated 135 million women have undergone FGM .Though legislation against the practice exists in these countries where it is practiced, complete lack of enforcement and persecution of the perpetrators only ensures that the whole problem continues to thrive (Human Rights Watch, 2010). In the case of sexual orientations, cultural norms and sometimes-legal measures support regulation of sexuality. Families, cultural networks, media, institutions, and religion regulate womens sexuality. A good number of women alleged to be or are lesbians go from end to end through abuses meted by private sector, police, family, and state authorities. Multiple cases of beating, rape, forced impregnation, or marriage are reported to having been inflicted to such persons. In United States, lesbians consistently face well-founded fears of attack or persecution by police because of their identity. On regular basis, this form of violence occurs (Renzetti Bergen, 2005). Consequently, we can say that a Gender Based Asylum case scenario is brought to light. Here, fear of persecution or discrimination by women is considered for the purposes of refugee status. Forcible abortion, female genital mutilation, domestic violence, and honor killings are forms of persecutions that allow one to seek asylum. However, women seeking asylum in many countries rarely gain the refugee status based on claims of these forms of violence. Restrictive interpretation of the international definition of persecution of refugees is severe. In particular, lesbians fear disclosing their sexuality based on violence generated from such disclosure (Malamuth Check, 2004). On the Problem of Impunity, most women fail to report abuses against them because most Government departments are accomplices of gender discrimination. Ostracization, lack of resources, and shame from communities causes most women to fail to seek legal redress to crimes committed against them. Challenging of abusers in a court of law is often long, tedious, humiliating where authorities and those present dwell on sympathy other than empathy (Crowell Burgess, 1996). The brutality meted on women is so widespread that it often fails to invite outrage and censure from members of the public. One in four women experience violence by an intimate partner. Yearly, thousands and thousands of women are recruited to prostitution. In addition, thousand of girls are forced to genital mutilation. In armed conflicts, forces and groups do sexual assaults as an act of war. Violent acts rarely results from one cause. Many things come play. The influence of the mass media is viewed as part of the many potential factors that influence the abuse on women. Constant broadcasting of media violence on women promotes aggressive behavior in young children contributing to increased aggressiveness and ultimately violent behavior many years later. Abuse against girls and women takes various forms. Economic, sexual, psychological, and sexual form. All form these forms of abuse are related and affect women from the onset of their life to their death. This violence is not concentrated to a particular country, region, or to a particular group of people in the society. It is widespread and with it are repercussions the society cannot afford to allow. Indeed 70% of women experience abuse in their lifetime. This has debilitating effects on the society because it leads to women impoverishment, family disintegration, and erosion of progress in communities and Nations (Ferrell Websdale, 1999). Media is a double-edged sword. It has the power to influence the society in a positive way as well as influence it in the most destructive form. It will not be fair to note that although there has been a tremendous progress championed by the media in addressing violence against women, electronic as well as print media has played a complementary role in encouraging degradation of women (Cuklanz Moorti, 2009). Largely, the media is as guilty as charged for promoting violence against women. Media violence leads to an increase in aggressions and real world violence. Film violence and fictional television contribution to both long term and short term rise in silence and aggression against women. Imitative rapes, filmed sexual acts, and pornography portrayals in movies tend to compound the problem of women abuse in the society. Media violence and real world violence relationship tends to be moderated by the nature of the media content and social influences and the characteristics on the individuals exposed to that content. This overall size of effect is big enough to place it in the category of known threats to women rights. Exposure to violence on television and video games increases risk of violent behavior on the part of the viewers (Byerly Ross, 2006). Accumulation of body research is consistent and clear that television violence causes an increase in violent and aggressive behavior. It leads to acquisition of beliefs, attitudes, schemes, and scripts that increase the risk of aggressive and violent behavior in the observer of media violence. Media has always played a significant role to address issues of health, economy, and politics. If similar energy is focused on the issue of eliminating violence, it can play a vital role. Victimization of females in storylines reduces perceptions of violence. Media monitoring, an African institution that advocates fair journalism reported that there is a shortage of women journalists in major media outlets in the continent. Where they exist, the people controlling stakes in these media institutions restrict their roles. These people are either the management or the owners. They are therefore denied a chance to highlight issues pertinent to their plight. According to Meyers (1997), it is of prime importance to be responsible always on how to present news in matters regarding violence on women. The media has the role of making these events however challenging or sad to be a moral lesson to all the viewers. There is an acknowledgement that the media is a strong influence in our age. However, responsible use can sway the influence in a positive direction. Studies show that even in female friendly nations, news reporting remains dominated by men. Almost half of journalists are women in these countries; however, three out of the four seniors in the media industry are men. This is a serious disparity. It denies women an avenue in which to address issues pertinent to them. The media should be the watchdog of international organizations making effort to stem the spread of violence against women. Campaigns such as UNITE should be given needful coverage to raise awareness of the initiative noble goals. The media should follow up on the progress Nations of the world are making to meet the set target in 2015 when the issue of aggression on women should be eliminated. Nations should marry their own initiatives with the wider programs that are already in various countries to ensure that conducive legal environment is provided to deal with offenders and mitigate against further injuries being inflicted upon women. Intergovernmental cooperation is also of prime importance to stop trafficking of women for sexual slavery. It is only through such concerted efforts that the war will be won. As United Nations Secretary General observes, there is one universal truth, applicable to all countries, cultures, and communities: Abuse on women is never acceptable, never excusable, and never tolerable. This is a noble dream that should be supported by all.

Caves to Knowledge or Knowledge to Aid Essays -- essays research paper

â€Å"Allegory of a Cave† by Plato is and interesting story that is meant to educate the reader. By presenting a fictional story Plato is able to symbolize many aspects of our lives that we do not often think about. This story is symbolic of many important periods in our lives like education, growing up from a child to an adult, and even visiting a foreign country. It is these important events in our lives that Plato wants us to think about and examine so that we better understand how we develop and view the world   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While reading the story I thought about childhood and how the prisoners in the cave were like infants and small children. â€Å"their legs and necks chained so they cannot move†(line 6). The prisoners knowing only what they are shown is symbolic of how a parent chooses what a child sees and learns. During the childhood stage of a human life the parent is in control of what their child learns and interacts with, therefore the child’s knowledge is limited to what the parent is willing to teach. It seems that even thought the prisoners in the cave are of adult stature they still are controlled like children. However, when one of the prisoners is released into the light he comes to realize that the cave is only a small portion of the world that he now knows. The prisoner leaving the cave is like the child becoming old enough to understand the intricacies of the world without having that information first filtered by the parents. A vast wealth of kn...

Mitosis and Cell Cycle Study

Cell Growth and Reproduction Study Guide The Cell Cycle Study Guide Vocabulary – Cell Cycle, Mitosis, CytokinesisHow did the G1 and G2 stages get their names?Cells must pass through a critical checkpoint during which two stages of the cell cycle?Where does DNA synthesis happen in eukaryotic cells?What two processes make up the M stage?Among different types of cells, which stage of the cell cycle varies most in length?Why does a skin cell divide more often than a liver cell?What is G0?Write an analogy to explain why cell size is limited.Which typically increases faster as a cell grows, surface area or volume?For cells to stay the same size from generation to generation, what two things must be coordinated?Think of an example of a cycle. What does this have in common with the cell cycle?What process divides a cell’s cytoplasm? How do the two word parts of your answer help you remember it?What process divides the cell nucleus and its contents?Related article: co.uk/mitosis -replication-of-eukaryotic-cells/">How Many Spores Would You Estimate are Present on the Gills of a Single Cap of CoprinusMitosis and Cytokinesis Study Guide Vocabulary: chromosome, histone, chromatin, chromatid, centromere, telomere, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophaseWhat is a chromosome?Why do chromosomes condense at the start of mitosis?Why are chromosomes not condensed during all stages of the cell cycle?Sketch how DNA goes from a long stringy form to a tightly condensed form. Label the parts of the condensed, duplicated chromosome.How does interphase prepare a cell to divide?Mitosis occurs in what types of cells?Develop a device, such as a short sentence or phrase, to help you remember the order of the steps of mitosis.Illustrate and describe the four phases of mitosis.How does cytokinesis differ between plant and animal cells?DNA wraps around organizing proteins called .The suffix –tin indicates that something is stretched and thin. Is the loose combination of DNA and proteins that looks sort of like spaghetti.Sister chromatids are held together at the which looks pinched.The ends of DNA molecules form structures called that help prevent the loss of genes. Regulation of the Cell Cycle Study GuideVocabulary: growth factor, apoptosis, cancer, benign, malignant, metastasize, carcinogenWhat regulates the cell cycle?What is apoptosis?What type of disease may result if cell division is not properly regulated?List three ways mutations can occur in genes involved in cell-cycle regulation.What does metastasize mean?What is a substance know to produce or promote the development of cancer?Draw a cartoon to help you remember the difference between benign and malignant. Asexual Reproduction Study Guide Vocabulary: asexual reproduction, binary fission.1. Offspring resulting from asexual reproduction and those resulting from sexual reproduction differ in one major way. What is the difference?2. Sketch and describe the three steps of binary fission. Fill in the chart below to highlight the advantage and disadvantages of asexual reproduction. Advantages| Disadvantages|3. | | 4. | | 5. | |6. If a eukaryotic organism reproduces through mitosis, what is true about the offspring and the parent organism?7. In what types of organisms is mitotic reproduction most common?8. List three examples of mitotic reproduction. 9. What forms of reproduction does the sea anemone use?10. Write a word that starts with the letters â€Å"bi†. Explain what is similar between the meaning of the word you wrote and the meaning of â€Å"binary fission†.11. What is the creation of offspring form only one parent organism called?Multicellular Life Study Guide Vocabulary: tissue, organ, organ system, cell differentiation, stem cellList the levels of organization and explain each.List two examples of tissues found in plants.List two examples of organ systems found in plants.How does an organism benefit from organ systems that work together and communicat e?What is the process by which unspecialized cells develop into specialized cells?Do different types of cells have different DNA? Explain.What role does cell location play within a developing embryo?How do stem cells differentiate out into different cells?List the three identifying characteristics of stem cells.List one advantage of using adult stem cells and one advantage of using embryonic stem cells.What is cell differentiation?Write the following words in order from the largest structure to the smallest structure:

Is the Bible divinely inspired Essay Example

Is the Bible divinely inspired Essay Example Is the Bible divinely inspired Essay Is the Bible divinely inspired Essay Essay Topic: The Bible To say that the Bible is divinely inspired is suggesting that people who were given supernatural influence from God wrote it. Its different from believing the Bible is just the word of man. It is as if God puts words into peoples heads and they transfer them to paper. This is the literal view of the Bible; people who look at the Bible in this light take everyone as completely genuine and significant. Simply by reading the Bible it would seem that this doesnt make sense, as in the Bible there are mistakes. In the Bible there are some statements that seem extreme or out of place these would more than likely be considered as mistakes. If however God were perfect, which he is considered by Christians to be, then surely these mistakes would not exist.However the Bible is of cause said to be the word of God, so without taking this quite so literally it must have been inspired in some way. There is a big difference between something that is divinely inspired and something that is simply ins pired. Much of the Bible was written at the time Jesus walked the Earth so many people who saw Jesus were undoubtedly influenced by him and would write down all they new about him. They may not have been directly influenced by the divine (God), but they were inspired by what they saw of his son on Earth.This would seem more logical and would go some way to explaining the mistakes found in the Bible. This is like the view the Conservative Christians would take on the Bible. They realise the Bible is inspired by God but look at the mistakes and change in time to realise that it cant be the genuine word from God. Unlike the Literal view the conservative view allows some space for the individual to interpret what they think a passage is trying to convey. Literal believers accept every word to be exact and try to follow what it says, as it is what God says. This has its downfalls though, as some areas of the Bible contradict each other.The easiest example of this would be the creation st ory, the Bible contains two different accounts, and literalists would though state that one is simply an interpretation of the other. Different people look at the Bible differently, and so some do consider it to be the genuine word from God. On the other hand some would take a much more liberal view, they believe the books are influenced by their others own lives rather than by direct influence from God. These believers would still believe that God influenced the Bible, but not by directly communicating with the authors. These Christians would agree that Jesus life on Earth heavily influenced what was written down.Despite some people taking the Bible literally, and others seeing it as more of an account about God, there are some people who chose to accept some parts yet not others. This viewpoint is popular amongst Catholic Christians; they allow decisions on what passages mean to be made by the Church, usually via the Pope. This doesnt allow the individual to simply do what they fe el the Bible is telling them to do.Personally I think the conservative view is the best way to approach the Bible, it must be given authority yet we must also accept there are errors in its text.It really is the main evidence, which gives an account of Jesus life and also a description of what God is and what he does. To me although the thought of the Bible being divinely inspired seems comforting, it doesnt seem realistic. Even simple questions seem to suggest against God inspiring the Bible such as, why have so many authors if it all came from one being?Christians should read the Bible as a book which was written when God related closer with humans, and accept that communication and language have changed greatly since, hence the fact that some stories some misplaced in the modern version of the Bible. It isnt possible to rule out the Bible being divinely inspired but it seems logical for it to have been about God rather than by God.I would agree there are parts of the Bible were p rophets have been spoken to by God and have wrote down their revelation, but we cant treat the entire book in this way.

The breakup of the Concert of essays

The breakup of the Concert of essays F. 6a (31) Billy You Wadi Lek History essay t Oct., 2002. "The breakdown of the Concert of Europe was mainly caused by disagreements amongst the Powers over the issue of intervention." Discuss the validity of this statement. "The breakdown of the Concert of Europe was mainly caused by disagreements amongst the Powers over the issue of intervention." In the introduction, you may make a brief outline of the essay as well. There were revolutions in many parts of Europe after 1815. Meanwhile, the Quadruple Alliance was formed to ensure peace but Britain had a different attitude towards the solution of revolutions. This, to a large extentt, caused the breakdown of the Concert of Europe in 1823. To some extent, other disagreements amongst the Powers, the death of Castlereagh and disorganization of the congresses also contribute to the How about the attitudes of other powers? You may like to show a contrast between Britain and the Troppau Protocol. "Concert of Europe" is the term term used to dexcribe various attempts made by the major Powers in Europe after 1815 to resolve conflicts between themselves in order to prevent large-scale war. The European statesmen favoured a councillor system. That was, the Powers were to meet regularly to discuss over problems which affected their mutual interest. However, they had a major difference in dealing with revolution. The leaders of the conservative and absolutist monarchies (be more specific. Which countries are you talking about?) argued that peace between state and social and political order within the states could not be separated. They believed that they had the right to interfere in the revolutionaries of any states to preserved European peace. Britain, however, clearly states in Castlereagh's state paper of May ...

Qualifications and selection process for judges Essay

Qualifications and selection process for judges - Essay Example Each court has its own function. A judge must have studied law and must not be aged above 70. Judge for Supreme Court, Court of Appeals, and Court of Common Pleas must have practiced law for at least a period of six years. Ohio judges can be removed in the following three ways: A complaint against a judge can be conveyed to the Disciplinary Council or Board of Commissioners on Grievances and Discipline; both can authorize an investigation against the alleged judge. If there is considerable evidence against the judge and two-third members of the board support the complaint, the Supreme Court establishes a commission of five judges to decide the verdict (American Judicature Society). The alleged judge may be retired, removed or warranted. South Carolina’s judiciary consists of the Supreme Court, the Court of Appeal, and the Circuit Court. There are numerous other trial courts with restricted authority such as Family Court, Administrative Law Court, Probate, Equity, and Municipal Courts. The members of these courts are elected by joint public vote of the General Assembly. Judicial Merit Selection Commission makes screens the candidates and makes sure that they meet all the conditions required to become a particular judge. All candidates for Supreme Court, Court of Appeals and Circuit Court must be U.S. citizens and should’ve lived in the State of South Carolina for at least five years. The candidate must be at least 32 years old and must not be older than 72 years. The candidate must have been a licensed attorney for at least 8 years prior to elections. If a complaint is registered at Judicial Conduct Commission, an investigation against the alleged judge is started. Supreme Court then appoints a Disciplinary Council which evaluates the complaint and makes a thorough investigation. If the findings of Disciplinary Council substantiate the complaint, a hearing is carried out and suggestions are passed to Supreme

Which is the true story from the life of pi Essay

Which is the true story from the life of pi - Essay Example After sometimes, only the strong animals seem to survive in the jungle. Pi watches helplessly as the spotted hyena kills the zebra. The tiger nonetheless is amused by the act of hyena. The tiger, Richard Parker, due to his friendly nature, subsequently dispatches the orang-utan before it. Secondly, the tiger is a naturally interdependent animal in habit (Baker & Margaret 85). Pi, through his book, sets about conditioning the tiger through his appealing and rewarding behaviour. He offers the tiger food and fresh water so that the two can co-exist in the boat. Tiger and Pi remain on the verge of starvation for a few months. This was not until they realized an uncharted island, which is packed with bountiful meerkat population and fresh vegetation. After a little survival on fresh vegetables, Tiger and Pi got their way out of starvation by identifying carnivore’s algae along the island (Martel 342). These algae nonetheless were acidic hence would consume them when the storm comes. Pi and tiger, therefore, took fresh vegetables and sailed away in fear of being consumed by the island’s acidity. They were in Mexican coast when their lifeboat made a landfall again. These two friends were malnourished and starved at that moment. As Pi collapses on the beach, Pe ter Parker (Bengal Tiger) ungratefully walks into the jungle without glancing back at his malnourished friend. Perhaps this was in fear of the Mexican authorities or maybe a theme portraying the ungrateful nature of human beings after being helped in the times of dire needs (Martel 53). In the human story version, two different natures of tiger’s habits emerge. These characteristics include self-preservation and revenge. In the human version of Pi’s tale, the cargo ship still sinks. In this scenario, the animalistic version changes when Pi’s mother (Gita), an injured Japanese sailor, and the ship’s overwhelming cook join him in the boat (Martel 135). After some time, survival for the

Value Chain Model for PSU in Order to Receive Raw Materials from South Research Paper

Value Chain Model for PSU in Order to Receive Raw Materials from South Korea and China - Research Paper Example Having a shared vision enables the workers in all the locations to collaborate in delivering value. The process of receiving spare parts, storage, general inventory control, shipping scheduling should be managed with an aim of cutting any time delays. Immediately an order is registered, a process of simulation from the production plant should be initiated. 1.4 Operations. The assembling, packaging, equipment maintenance, product-testing as well as other activities must be streamlined with an aim of creating efficiency in delivering the final desired product. In fact, all necessary output measures should be aimed at enabling workflow as well as delivery performance to include dependable stock safety levels to avoid delays and understocking. This is where a forecast comes in to ensure the scheduling of end items. In reference to the activities needed to deliver goods to the market, the different locations need to share information as well as to operate in guidance by same policies so as to translate their cooperation into a synergetic relationship. Other areas of key concern are ordered fulfilment, the logistics involved in shipping as well as Material Requirements Planning or Distribution Requirements Planning system. By using a centralized in-formation model any demand changes will be detected well in advance and preemptive measures taken in advance. There need to be many resources committed to wooing buyers to purchase the cutting technology product. On top of that, how the distributors and dealers are selected goes a long way to determine whether sales targets will be achieved or not.  

Consulting for a struggling firm Essay Example for Free

Consulting for a struggling firm Essay Introduction All organizations in the modern society are faced with challenges in economic management. As a psychologist working for a consultation firm, I meet a CEO in dire need of help on future sustainability of works on stress management, diversity and motivation. Therefore, this paper seeks to analyze how the various challenges in the workplace can be mitigated so as to increase efficiency. Stress management Stress refers to a situation in which one feels pressure and cannot cope with it successfully, and results in varied physical, mental and emotional reactions. Stress management thus refers to techniques and therapies often with the aim of controlling a person’s levels of stress. In an organizational context the manager is charged with the responsibility for ensuring that each employee can work without pressure. Stress is common in very many workplaces, employees and the managers both experience stress. In workplaces, stress is often caused by lack of communication, career and job ambiguity, financial stress, personal stress, interruptions and strictness by the managers and poor working conditions. Stress management is important in a firm, in this case a firm that is struggling and needs to pull through. Work stress in this case is an important issue because it has financial impacts on the business, it is also important on legal obligations and organizational effectiveness. Practice of stress management in companies helps in the efficiency of the organization as the employees are able to know their roles thus doing tasks efficiently and thus making the organization effective, the employee’s working conditions are improved also,   as stress management helps to identify some of the problems that the employees suffer. Stress management boosts the morale of the workers as they are able to work with ease; it also ensures that equal opportunities in terms of promotion and training are given out fairly (Ivanko, 2013). In a situation that employees have been laid off, and some are remaining in the organization, those remaining are affected, and they develop stress. The type of situation can be achieved by applying ways of managing stress. One way would be to encourage the remaining employees to adopt a positive attitude and mindset towards their stress. Another way would be to emphasize on acceptance that some things cannot change; once something has happened we should accept and move on. Creation of time for recreation would also help to alleviate stress among employees; alterations of situations can also be an excellent remedy in doing away of stress. After layoffs the firm can rebuild by assessing and looking at the weaknesses and failures and try to address them, the organizational structure should also be changed, the employee’s working conditions and problems should also be addressed. A market research should be done to ensure that the requirements of the clients are identified, and more sensitization in terms of advertising should be done to get more clients and popularize the firm. Motivation Motivation in a firm often refers to an act of providing a reason to act in a particular manner. It can also refer to internal and external factors that stimulate and give desire to perform a task or job continually. Motivation is relevant to solving most problems in firms, it borrows a lot from   Ã‚  psychology, knowledge of work psychology is critical to the use of motivation. Motivation of workers is essential in building relationships with coworkers, improvement of production, time management among others things. The motivation of employees contributes to growth and development of the organization. In a situation whereby some workers have been laid off motivation can be used to enable the remaining workers to work harder and lift the body. Some of the ways of motivating employees include: increasing salaries of workers, creating   safe and friendly environment for the workers, recognizing and rewarding those employee’s that perform, developing good relations with workers, use of food as incentives, holidays to performing employee, introducing overtime in which the employees are paid for working for extra hours (Ivanko, 2013). This kind of measures can be taken in instances where there has been a laid off of workers as this helps the remaining workers to heal and ensure that the organization becomes more fruitful and able to cope with market dynamics. Diversity Diversity can take many forms; it includes differences in race, ethnic identity, gender, education, socio-economic levels and sexual orientation. The amount of diversity in organizations is often increasing; thus the need to manage diversity is essential. The number of aging workers is growing and there are more people from diverse backgrounds. In most organizations today, there are an increasing number of joint ventures, mergers and strategic alliances uniting people from different organizations and cultures. Handling diversity is an important obligation of leaders in contemporary times. A leader has to find the balance between promoting diversity and building a strong organizational culture. Managing diversity is important as it ensures creativity and innovation among the workers, it also helps in forming and maintaining better interpersonal relationship between workers, managing of diversity performance of the people for the value of all shareholders, it also helps in recruiting and retaining of employees (Bogda L. , 1998). Organizations have very many people of different backgrounds, in a case where the group has decided to lay off some workers; it’s of importance that the leader manages diversity for the remaining workers. Diversity can be accomplished by the following: by explaining the benefits of diversity to the organization, encouraging and other people who seek to promote tolerance of diversity, discouraging use of stereotypes to describe other members of the group, promoting respect for individual differences. Leaders can organize training programs that seek a better understanding of diversity problems and cultural differences and how to respond to them in the workstation. Conclusively, there is often a moment that an organization struggles and adverse measures are taken to laying off of employees. The body can bounce back by using motivation, stress management and managing diversity this would help in healing and development of a successful organization. References Bogda, L. (1998). Diversity and Organizational Change. Retrieved December 12, 2014, from bogda.com: http://www.bogda.com/articles/DiversityandOrgChange.pdf Ivanko, S. (2013, September). Organizational Behaviour. Retrieved December 12, 2014, from uni-lj.si: http://www.fu.uni-lj.si/fileadmin/usr-files/Mednarodna_pisarna/ORGANIZATIONAL-BEHAVIOR-2013.pdf

Statistical Analysis Results of Crime: ANOVA Test

Statistical Analysis Results of Crime: ANOVA Test THE ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE (ANOVA), STUDENTS ‘T’ TESTS AND MATRIX ALGEBRA ATUBI, A. 0. Ph.D. Introduction The ANOVA sometimes referred to as the F test (named after the statistician Sir Roland Fisher, the author of this test) is a set of procedures for testing the significance of differences among more than two independent means. This procedure determines the extent to which there are significant differences between the means of three or more samples with a single level of significance. Because this procedure and others like it focus on variances, they are referred to as the analysis of variance or ANOVA One Way Analysis of Variance The step in ANOVA can be illustrated by an example Example 5.1.1 The number of crimes committed in 4 months in various parts of a town are list below: Month Artisan quarters Slums CDB GRA January February March April 20 16 32 16 52 44 56 36 36 40 36 40 16 20 32 20 At 0.05 level of confidence, are crime frequencies related to urban morphology or month of the year? First set up a null hypothesis of equality of the means Let Ho be: â€Å"There is no significant difference between the crimes frequencies and urban morphology or month of the year. Next, find the total of the four areas as listed below then their means Total =Artesan SlumsCBDGRA 8418815288 Mean Next, calculate the Grand mean Next, calculate the sum of squares for each population. Note that in ANOVA the number of samples do not have to be same Table 4.1.1: Means and sums of squares of crimes committed In ANOVA, we determine differences between means by calculating their variability. Three types of variability are estimated: The variation within each sample result The variation between the sample results The total variation of the samples, regardless of the sample grouping to which they belong (Anyadike, 2009) Next, calculate the sums of the sum of squares for each column (i.e Variable): SSW = ∑∑(Xij X)2 = 172+236+16+144 =568 Calculate sum of square between = ? N (X —X)2 =4(21-3 2)2+4(473 2)2+4 (3832)2 + 4(2232)2 = 484 +900+144+400 =1928 Calculate the within group sum of square. MSW = SSW n-rn Where n=no of observations M=no of groups Similarly, the mean s square between will be MSb =SSb M-l Therefore MSW =SSb=568=568 n-m 16-4 12 = 47.33 The ratio between the variance estimate is known as the Snedecor’s variance ratio test or Snedecor’s F Now set up an ANOVA table: Finally, test for significance: The degrees of freedom, V are: V- numerator = M-1=4-1=3 V- denominator = n-m= 16—4=12 From the Table of the F-Distribution, critical value of F at 0.05 3 and 12 =3.49 Calculated value is 13.18 Since the calculated F of 13.58 is greater (>) 3.49, Ho is rejected. Therefore, â€Å"There is a significant difference between crime frequencies with regards to urban morphology or month of the year. THE STUDENT ‘T TEST The most powerful test for the comparison of sample means is the student ‘t’ test. It is a parametric test and is used to determine whether or not the differences between two sample means are sufficiently great as to justify a conclusion that the means of their populations also differ significantly. It is also used for small samples The student ‘t’ is expressed as: T = x1-x ­1 vS12/N1 + S22/N2 Where X1 and X2 are the means of the two sets of data; S1 and S2 their standard deviations; and N1 and N2 the number of observations. The degree of freedom, V is expressed as follows: V = N+N,-2 Degree of Freedom There is often confusion among students about the concept of â€Å"degree of freedom†. Basically, if the sum of a set of elements and the sum of all but one is of its elements are both known, then the value of the last element must also be known, i.e. it is not, unlike the others, free to vary (Ayandike, 2009). For example, if the sum of 8 elements is 30 and the values of 7 of the elements variously add up to 28, then the value ofthe final (i.e. the 8†) element must be (30-28) = 2, i.e. if is not free to adopt any other value. The degree of freedom in this case is thus (8-1) = 7, i.e. in the set of 8 element, 7 of them are free to take on any values to sum up to 28, leaving value inviolate ELEMENTS OF MATRIX ALGEBRA Introduction The matrix is a rectangular array of number arranged in rows n and columns, m i.e Each of the numbers is called an elements. The position of each element is determined by its position in the row as well as in the The size of the matrix is given by the number of rows (n) and number of column (m) for example. A matrix which has the same number of rows and columns is called a square matrix. In the example above, a and c are square matrices. A matrix with a single row is called a row vector, while a matrix of a single column is called a column vector. Example of a row vector is {3 5 7 8} example of column vector is Matrix can be added, subtracted, multiplied and inverted but cannot be divided. However, they can only be divided by a scalar (i.e an ordinary number). Addition of Matrix Matrices to be added must be of the same size as one another. That is they must have the same number of columns and row s. This is because each element of one matrix must be added to the same element of the other matrix e.g. supposing we are adding two matrix [A]  ± [B] [A] + [BI =[C] i.e you add element by element N.B:The number of columns and rows must be the same before it can be added Matrix Subtraction The same rule as addition is applied e.g to subtract [BI from [A] [A] [B] Matrix Multiplication There are two aspect of matrix multiplication namely: a.Multiplication of matrix by a scaler b.Multiplication of matrix by two matrices By Scaler Supposing we are multiplying the matrix below by 4 Multiplication by Two Matrices When two matrices are to be multiplied, the number of columns in the first matrix must be equal the number of rows in the second matrix e.g. 23 matrix can be multiplied by 32 matrix. But a 23 matrix cannot be multiplied by another 23 matrix because the number of rows there is not equal to the number of columns in the second e.g. The result will have as many rows as the first and as may columns as the second. Multiplication of a matrix by vector, example An identity or unity matrix 1, is a matrix where the diagonal consist of l’s and the rest of the elements are zero e.g.: Matrix Inversion In matrix, algebra function of division is changed to that of inversion. The inverse of the matrix is it’s reciprocal i.e. Only square matrices have inverses. A matrix that cannot be inverted is called a singular matrix. Several methods exists for finding the inverse of a matrix. They includes 1.  The classical method This is to set the matrix beside an identity matrix, and to perform all operations simultaneously in both matrices, for example, if you are to invert this matrix [A], you first place it beside an identity matrix You have Step 1 Subtract row 2 from 3, multiply row 1 Row 2(3xrow 1) Step 3 2.  By Determinants This is the more modern one. A determinant is a single number extracted from a square matrix by series of operations. It is represented by either det A or /A/ The process of obtaining a determinant from a matrix is called evaluating the determinant. Using determinant, the inverse of matrix [A] becomes /A/ = ad—bc The adjoint of a matrix is the transposed matrix of co -factors with the signs taken into consideration. The signs are alternating +, -, across and down the element of the matrix e.g. in a 22 matrix So far a 22 matrix, the inverse is the adjoint of that matrix over the determinant of the matrix. The determinant of a 33 matrix The minus for each leading element becomes Uptill i. The Solution of Simultaneous Equation The major interest in matrices (and its greatest strength) is their use in the resolution of the unknowns in simultaneous equations (Anya dike, 2009) SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS WITH TWO UNKNOWNS 3x+4y 10 2x +‘7y = 11 Set in matrix form 1.Using the classical method, our equation in matrix form is [A] [x] [B] The matrix of the unknown [x]=[A]=[B] For a 2 x 2 matrix the adjoint of it is Since our matrix of unknown is Check with original equation 3x+4y =10 2x +7y1l Check 3(2)+4(1)= 10 =6+4+10 2(2) +7 (1) =1 4+7=11 1. By determinant method The matrix in our example is [A] [x] [B] This 13 is called the common denominator. Then we find the numerator of x, which is the determinant of the main matrix. :. X2/A1.B/-à ·/A!13113 =1 =y Therefore,Y = 1 X=2 REFERENCES Anyadike, R.N.C (2009) Statistical methods for social and Environmental Sciences. Spectrum Books Limited Ibadan. Anyadike, R.N.C (2009): Statistical methods for social and Environmental sciences. Spectrum Books limited Ibadan. Atubi, A.O. (2010d) Road Traffic Accident variations in Lagos State, Nigeria: A Synopsis of variance Spectra. African research Review, Vol 4(2) pp. 197-218. Ethiopia. Ewhmdjakpor C, Atubi, A.O. and Odemerho F. (2006): Statistics for social investigations. Delsu Investment Nigeria, Limited, Delta State University, Abraka. Ewhrudjakpor. C, Atubi, A.O, and Odermerho F (2006). Statistics for social Investigations. Delsu Investment Nigeria, Limited. Delta State University, Abraka. Spiegel, M.R (1972): Theory and problems of statistics. McGraw-Hill, New York.